Table 1.
Main characteristics of the selected articles.
| Authors | N (% men) | Mean Age | Kit Source | Methodology | IFN-I Subtype | Time (days) | Limit of detection (pg/ml) | Number of participants that IFN was measured (detected) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arunachalam et al. | 76 (58%) | 55 | Simoa Technology | Single molecular array | IFN-α | 0-40 | 0.003 | 58 (57) |
| Chi et al. | 70 (56%) | 43.4 | Bio-Plex Pro Human Cytokine Screening 48-plex panel (BioRad) | Luminex magnetic bead | IFN-α2 | 11 | 0.49 | 34 (34) |
| Galani et al. | 32 (69%) | 63 | High sensitivity ELISA (Abcam) | ELISA | IFN-α | 01-03 | 1.0 | 26 (26) |
| Hadjadj et al. | 50 (58%) | 55 | Simoa Technology (Quanterix) | Single molecular array | IFN-α2 | 10 | 0.003 | 50 (50) |
| Henry et al. | 52 (57.7%) | 51 | U-Plex assay (MSD) | Electro chemiluminescence | IFN-α2a | 7 | 4.0 | 52 (52) |
| Kwon et al. | 31 (42%) | 50 | Cytometric bead array (BD Bioscience) | Bead-based immunoassay for Flow cytometry | IFN-α | 05-10 | 1.5 | 31 (8) |
| Liu et al. | 12 (66.7%) | 62.5 | BioPlex Pro Human Cytokine Screening Panel (BioRad) | Luminex magnetic bead | IFN-α2 | 07-10 | 0.49 | 20 (20) |
| Lucas et al. | 113 (46%) | 62.9 | Human Cytokine Array/ Chemokine Array 71-403 Plex Panel (HD71) | Luminex magnetic bead | IFN-α2 | 10 | 6.56 | 221 (u) |
| Ruetsch et al. | 151 (66%) | 51 | Ella custom-design cartrigge (Protein Simple) | Microfluid immunoassay fluorescence detection | IFN-α | – | 0.39 | 110 (0) |
| Sánchez-Cerrillo et al. | 64 (57.8%) | 61 | Human IFN-α all subtypes Serum ELISA kit (pbl assay science) | ELISA | IFN-α | 8 | 1.95 | 64 (10) |
| Silvin et al. | 158 (44%) | 53 | Ultra-sensitive assay S-plex Human IFN-α2a kit (MSD) | Electro chemiluminescence | IFN-α2a | – | 0.0049 | 83 (83) |
| Tincati et al. | 40 (83%) | 61 | Cytometric bead array (BD Bioscience) | Bead-based immunoassay for Flow cytometry | IFN-α | 7 | 1.5 | 40 (u) |
| Turnbull et al. | 63 (49.3%) | 55.6 | Cytokine Human Magnetic 35 Plex Panel, (ThermoFisherScientific) | Luminex magnetic bead | IFN-α | 9 | 30 | 54 (u) |
| Thwaites et al. | 471 (64.9%) | 58.4 | Simoa Technology (Quanterix) | Single molecular array | IFN-α | 9 | 0.003 | 52 (52) |
| Yang et al. | 93 (60%) | 46.4 | Human Th1/2 cytokine kit II (ACEA NovoCyte, Guangzhou, China) | Bead-based immunoassay for Flow cytometry | IFN-α | – | – | 93 (93) |
u, unavailable.