Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Varenicline (n = 50) | Control (n = 49) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age (mean, SD) | 43.0 (12.8) | 40.4 (11.5) | 0.3 |
| Gender (n, % male) | 28 (56%) | 14 (29%) | 0.006 |
| Race | 0.7 | ||
| White | 40 (80%) | 35 (71.4%) | |
| Black | 8 (16%) | 10 (20%) | |
| Multiracial | 2 (4%) | 3 (6%) | |
| Household income | 0.8 | ||
| <$25K | 16 (32%) | 15 (31%) | |
| $25–$50K | 22 (44%) | 20 (41%) | |
| $50–$75K | 5 (10%) | 6 (12%) | |
| >$75K | 3 (6%) | 7 (14%) | |
| Education | 0.7 | ||
| <HS | 2 (4%) | 1 (2%) | |
| HS | 13 (26%) | 11 (23%) | |
| Some college | 23 (46%) | 28 (57%) | |
| ≥College | 12 (24%) | 9 (18%) | |
| Rurality | 0.2 | ||
| Least rural | 15 (31%) | 8 (16%) | |
| Moderately rural | 23 (47%) | 24 (49%) | |
| Most rural | 11 (23%) | 17 (35%) | |
| Married or member of unmarried couple | 14 (28%) | 19 (39%) | 0.6 |
| Insured, of any kind | 35 (70%) | 31 (63%) | 0.5 |
| Smoking/Clinical History | |||
| Age began smoking | 17.3 (4.3) | 17.5 (4.2) | 0.8 |
| Baseline cigarettes per day (7 day avg) | 18.4 (7.2) | 15.1 (7.3) | 0.03 |
| Cigarette dependence (Heaviness of Smoking Index) | 3.4 (1.3) | 2.8 (1.5) | 0.04 |
| Lives with another smoker | 20 (40%) | 17 (35%) | 0.3 |
| Prior NRT use | 34 (68%) | 30 (61%) | 0.5 |
| Prior varenicline use | 5 (10%) | 4 (8%) | 0.9 |
| Concern about varenicline safety (1–5 range, 5 = most concerned) | 2.1 (1.3) | 2.1 (1.2) | 0.9 |
| History of anxiety | 5 (10%) | 4 (8%) | >0.9 |
| History of depression | 7 (14%) | 9 (18%) | 0.6 |
| Prior E-cigarette use | 24 (48%) | 22 (45%) | 0.8 |
Bold text refers to statistical significance at p < .05.