Table 1.
General characteristics of participants and their association with depression
| Variables | Depression | Total N = 13,654 | Chi-square test p-value |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negativea | Positiveb | ||||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
| Sex | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Male | 4963 | (59.2) | 3419 | (40.8) | 8382 | (61.4) | |
| Female | 2756 | (52.3) | 2516 | (47.7) | 5272 | (38.6) | |
| Age | 0.067 | ||||||
| Young (18–25 years) | 6068 | (56.9) | 4588 | (43.1) | 10,656 | (78.0) | |
| Older (> 25 years) | 1651 | (55.1) | 1347 | (44.9) | 2998 | (22.0) | |
| Educational qualification | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Intermediate (11–12) or bellow | 1242 | (49.2) | 1282 | (50.8) | 2524 | (18.5) | |
| Bachelor | 5405 | (58.6) | 3821 | (41.4) | 9226 | (67.6) | |
| Higher education (above bachelor) | 1072 | (56.3) | 832 | (43.7) | 1904 | (13.9) | |
| Marital status | < 0.001 | ||||||
| Unmarried | 6468 | (57.5) | 4781 | (42.5) | 11,249 | (82.4) | |
| Married | 1216 | (52.0) | 1122 | (48.0) | 2338 | (17.1) | |
| Divorced | 35 | (52.2) | 32 | (47.8) | 67 | (.5) | |
| Family type | 0.287 | ||||||
| Nuclear | 6010 | (56.3) | 4666 | (43.7) | 10,676 | (78.2) | |
| Join | 1709 | (57.4) | 1269 | (42.6) | 2978 | (21.8) | |
| Socio-economic status | 0.310 | ||||||
| Lower | 1516 | (57.9) | 1104 | (42.1) | 2620 | (19.2) | |
| Middle | 2759 | (56.2) | 2153 | (43.8) | 4912 | (36.0) | |
| Upper | 3444 | (56.3) | 2678 | (43.7) | 6122 | (44.8) | |
| Residence | 0.410 | ||||||
| Rural area | 2912 | (56.1) | 2280 | (43.9) | 5192 | (38.0) | |
| Urban area | 4807 | (56.8) | 3655 | (43.2) | 8462 | (62.0) | |
BDT Bangladeshi Taka
aNegative depression using PHQ-9 score (< 10)
bPositive depression using PHQ-9 score (≥ 10)