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. 2021 May 11;5(5):e27868. doi: 10.2196/27868

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©Alison Darcy, Jade Daniels, David Salinger, Paul Wicks, Athena Robinson. Originally published in JMIR Formative Research (https://formative.jmir.org), 11.05.2021.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Formative Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://formative.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.

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Comparison of Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised bond subscale scores across therapeutic modalities. Means and corresponding 95% CIs for working alliance bond scores from this study and from recent reviews of the literature [11,13-15,17-19] are stratified by the week that the scores were recorded. Studies are colored based on the therapeutic modality. Due to the large sample size of this study (N=36,070), the 95% CI is narrow and overlaps with the dots that display the estimated means. For multiple studies that reported data on the same week, the dots are shifted minimally on the x-axis to avoid overlap and to provide easy readability. WAI: Working Alliance Inventory.