Table 4.
Dietary daily intake of energy and nutrients and the prevalence of deficiency in the subjects aged 80 and above in different genders.
| Nutrient | Male | Female | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SE | Below EAR (%) | Mean | SE | Below EAR (%) | |
| Energy (kcal/d) # | 1560.5 | 20.5 | 79.8 a | 1333.3 | 17.9 | 72.6 a |
| Protein (g/d) | 47.6 | 1.0 | 77.9 a | 40.9 | 1.1 | 75.3 a |
| Fat (g/d) * | 62.3 | 1.3 | 24.1 h | 55.3 | 1.2 | 20.9 h |
| Carbohydrate (g/d) * | 203.1 | 3.6 | 40.6 g | 168.6 | 3.2 | 38.6 g |
| Vitamin A (μgRAE/d) & | 235.0 | 10.7 | 93.9 | 210.2 | 10.9 | 92.7 |
| Vitamin E (mg/d) &^ | 28.3 | 1.1 | 25.5 a | 24.3 | 1.0 | 33.4 a |
| Vitamin B1 (mg/d) | 0.6 | 0.0 | 95.5 a | 0.6 | 0.0 | 93.5 a |
| Vitamin B2 (mg/d) | 0.6 | 0.0 | 95.4 a | 0.5 | 0.0 | 93.2 a |
| Vitamin C (mg/d) | 69.1 | 2.7 | 71.7 a | 62.8 | 2.9 | 79.6 a |
| Niacin (mgNE/d) & | 17.9 | 0.4 | 18.0 a | 15.3 | 0.4 | 12.8 a |
| Folate (µg/d) | 127.0 | 4.8 | 97.0 | 111.8 | 4.2 | 96.9 |
| Calcium (mg/d) | 326.1 | 11.5 | 97.8 | 278.5 | 12.6 | 97.9 |
| Iron (mg/d) | 16.3 | 0.3 | 10.1 a | 14.1 | 0.3 | 20.4 a |
| Zinc (mg/d) | 7.9 | 0.1 | 82.2 a | 6.8 | 0.1 | 48.4 a |
| Selenium (μg/d) | 33.0 | 1.1 | 85.7 | 27.9 | 1.1 | 90.9 |
| Magnesium (mg/d) | 215.2 | 4.5 | 76.6 a | 184.8 | 4.3 | 85.4 a |
| Sodium (mg/d) ^ | 4614.1 | 129.8 | 4.2 a | 3651.5 | 98.7 | 7.8 a |
| Potassium (mg/d) ^ | 1229.2 | 32.0 | 89.8 | 1051.9 | 32.3 | 94.4 |
#: Compare to EER; ^: Compare to AI; *: fat: the percentage of energy from fat in 20–30%; carbohydrate: the percentage of energy from carbohydrate in 50–65%; &: μgRAE/d: μg Retinol Activity Equivalents (RAE) per day; mgNE/d: mg Niacin Equivalents (NE) per day; a: after controlling age, gender, marital status, education level and household income level, p < 0.05. h: male: <20%: 11.4%, >30%: 64.5%; female: <20%: 10.9%, >30%: 68.3%. g: male: <50%: 42.8%, >65%: 16.6%; female: <50%: 46.5%, >65%: 14.9%.