Table 1.
Summary of analytical methods for the determination of FA in various samples.
| Analyte | Technique | LR * | LOD | Sensitivity | RSD% | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FA in pharmaceutical preparations | Spectrophotometric determination by coupling reaction | 0.1–8.0 µg mL−1 | 0.0469 µg mL−1 | 0.0066 µg cm−2 | 0.2805 | [36] |
| FA in vegetables | HPLC-UV-Vis | 0.3–100 ng mL−1 | 0.1 ng mL−1 | / | 0.3 | [39] |
| FA in beer | LC-MS/MS | / | 0.3 µg L−1 | 1.2 µg L−1 | / | [40] |
| FA in egg yolks | Modified EMR-lipid method combined with HPLC-MS/MS | 0.1–100 ng mL−1 | 18.3 ng mL−1 | / | 3.9 (HC) | [41] |
| 8.1 (MC) | ||||||
| 10 (LC) | ||||||
| FA in commercial preparations | Chemiluminometric procedure | 6.0–114 µg mL−1 | 2.0 µg mL−1 | / | 1 | [44] |
| Fluorimetric procedure | 0.02–1.1 µg mL−1 | 0.002 µg mL−1 | 0.7 | |||
| FA in human urine | Capillary electrophoresis | 0.5–6.0 mg L−1 | 0.30 mg L−1 | / | 0.4–0.7(MT) | [45] |
| 2.0–3.9 (PA) | ||||||
| 1.2–1.7 (PH) | ||||||
| FA in pharmaceutical tablets | Capillary electrophoresis with chemiluminescence determination | 5.0 × 10−8–10−5 M | 2.0 × 10−8 M | / | 1.1 (MT) | [46] |
| 1.5 (PA) | ||||||
| 4.9 (PH) | ||||||
| FA in pharmaceutical preparations | Flow-injection/chemiluminescence determination | 2.5 × 10−5–3 × 10−7 M | 2.3 × 10−8 M | / | 3.5 | [48] |
* LR (linear range), LOD (limit of detection), RSD (relative standard deviation), HC (high-concentration), MC (medium-concentration), LC (low-concentration), MT (migration time), PA (peak area) and PH (peak height).