TABLE 1.
Baseline demographics
| FIRM + PVRI (n = 21) | PVRI alone (n = 63) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||
| Age, y | 59.8 ± 14.6 | 62.5 ± 9.9 | .43 |
| Male sex | 16 (76.2%) | 46 (67%) | .77 |
| AF type | |||
| Paroxysmal AF | 2 (9.5%) | 6 (9.5%) | 1.00 |
| Nonparoxysmal AF | 19 (90.5%) | 57 (90.5%) | 1.00 |
| Months of AF | 84 (32–101) | 72 (36–108) | .70 |
| Left atrial diameter, mm | 44.4 ±7.9 | 40.4 ±6.2 | .05 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 49.8 ±11.7 | 54.9 ± 9.4 | .05 |
| Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator/pacemaker present before ablation | 1 (4.8%) | 8 (12.7%) | .31 |
| PVs reconnected | 2.3 ± 1.2 | 3.2 ±0.98 | <.01 |
| 0 PVs reconnected | 1 (4.8%) | 0 (0%) | .25 |
| 1 PV reconnected | 5 (23.8%) | 3 (4.8%) | .02 |
| 2 PVs reconnected | 5 (23.8%) | 14 (22.2%) | 1.00 |
| 3 PVs reconnected | 5 (23.8%) | 9 (14.3%) | .32 |
| 4 PVs reconnected | 4 (19.0%) | 34 (54.0%) | <.01 |
| CHA2DS2VASc score | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 1.8 ±1.1 | .12 |
| # Prior AADs | 0.95 ±0.59 | 1.3 ±0.74 | .03 |
| Comorbid conditions | |||
| Hypertension | 9 (42.9%) | 27 (42.9%) | 1.00 |
| Diabetes | 5 (23.8%) | 2 (3.2%) | .01 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 2 (9.5%) | 4 (6.3%) | .64 |
| Coronary artery disease | 4 (19.0%) | 10 (15.9%) | .74 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 10 (47.6%) | 20 (31.7%) | .43 |
Abbreviations: AAD, antiarrhythmic drugs; AF, atrial fibrillation; FIRM, focal impulse and rotor modulation; PV, pulmonary veins; PVRI, pulmonary vein reisolation.