Figure 6.

(a,b) Schematic representation (a) and SEM morphology (b) of the core–shell PMMA/PDDA NPs assembled at low ionic strength. The scale bar represents 1 µm. (c) Antimicrobial activity of NPs against E. coli. Representation of cell viability (log10 of colony-forming units CFU/mL) for E. coli with respect to the concentration of free PDDA or PDDA in the PMMA/PDDA NPs exhibiting sizes of 112 nm and 164 nm in diameter, respectively. (d) Schematics depict the covalent attachment of the benzophenone-based PEI copolymer to various surfaces and plastics. (e) Tapping-mode AFM height image depicts the surface of a thin-film of benzophenone-based PEI copolymer after sonication. (f) Digital images of a control glass substrate (top) and of a glass substrate modified with benzophenone-based PEI copolymer (bottom) sprayed with S. aureus and incubated for 24 h. (g) SEM micrograph depicts the surface of a porphyrin-based SURMOF after crosslinking and subsequent treatment with EDTA solution. (h) Antibacterial activity of the porphyrin SURGEL thin-films against E. coli using the LIVE/DEAD BacLight bacterial viability kit. Adapted with permission from ref. [153] (a–c), ref. [110] (d,e) and ref. [159] (g,h).