. 2021 May 8;11(5):845. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11050845

Table 5.

Study population of the validations.

Tools	Validation Studies	Populations
		Symptoms/ Signs	Pathologies	Surgical Interventions
1. AMERICAN SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGEONS STANDARDIZED SHOULDER ASSESSMENT FORM (ASES) [19]	Beaton et al., 1996 [20] *		Shoulder disorders
	Beaton et al., 1998 [21]	Pain	RC disease, OA, glenohumeral instability, malunion of a shoulder fx	RC repair, total shoulder arthroplasty
	Cook et al., 2002 [22]	Shoulder dysfunction
	Michener et al., 2002 [23]	Weakness	Impingement syndrome, instability/dislocation, RC syndrome, adhesive capsulitis, humeral fx, RC and adhesive capsulitis	Surgery
	Oh et al., 2009 [24]		RC disorder, SLAP lesion, shoulder instability
	Kemp et al., 2012 [25]	Symptoms of shoulder instability	Shoulder instability
	Sciascia et al., 2017 [26]		Primary glenohumeral OA	Total shoulder arthroplasty
	Dabija et al., 2019 [27]		RC tear
	Vrotsou et al., 2019 [28]		Subacromial pathology with/without RC rupture, tendinopathy, instability	Surgery repair
	Gotlin et al., 2020 [29]			RC repair
	Hou et al., 2020 [30]	Pain	RC tear, frozen shoulder, impingement syndrome, instability of shoulder, AC joint arthritis, SLAP lesion, biceps tendinopathy
	Baumgarten et al., 2020 [31]			RC repair and total shoulder arthroplasty
2. CONSTANT-MURLEY SCORE (CMS) [44]	Conboy et al., 1996 [45] *		Dislocation, arthritis, impingement
	Cook et al., 2002 [22]	Shoulder dysfunction
	Angst et al., 2008 [46]			Primary unilateral or bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty
	Razmjou et al., 2008 [47]		Impingement syndrome or partial thickness RC tears	RC repair
	Rocourt et al., 2008 [48]	Shoulder dysfunctions
	Oh et al., 2009 [24]		RC disorders, isolated SLAP lesions, shoulder instability
	Kemp et al., 2012 [25]	Anterior glenohumeral instability	Shoulder instability
	Ban et al., 2016 [49]		Clavicle fx
	Mahabier et al., 2016 [50]		Humeral shaft fx
	Sciascia et al., 2017 [26]		Glenohumeral OA	Total shoulder arthroplasty
	James-Belin et al., 2018 [51]	Pain	Degenerative RC disease (tendinopathy with or without full-thickness tear)
3. DUTCH SHOULDER DISABILITY QUESTIONNAIRE (DUTCH-SDQ) [58]	Van der Windt et al., 1998 [59] *	Pain	Capsular syndrome, acute bursitis, acromioclavicular syndrome, subacromial syndrome
	Van der Heijden et al., 2000 [60]	Pain and restricted passive ROM glenohumeral
	Paul et al., 2004 [61]	Pain
4. FLEXILEVEL SCALE OF SHOULDER FUNCTION (FLEX-SF) [63]	Cook et al., 2003 [63] *		Shoulder pathology
5. FUDAN UNIVERSITY SHOULDER SCORE [70]	Ge et al., 2013 [70] *	Pain or discomfort	RC tear, biceps tendon injury, subacromial impingement, labrum injury, frozen shoulder, tendinopathy
6. FUNCTIONAL SHOULDER SCORE (FSS) [72]	Iossifidis et al., 2015 [72] *		RC disease	RC repair
7. KOREAN SHOULDER SCORING SYSTEM (KSS) [73]	Tae et al., 2009 [73] *		RC tears, impingement syndrome or RC tendinopathy
8. MELBOURNE INSTABILITY SHOULDER SCALE (MISS) [80]	Watson et al., 2005 [80] *		Glenohumeral dislocation or subluxation	Surgical stabilization
9. MODIFIED CONSTANT-MURLEY SCORE [82]	Van der Water et al., 2014 [83] *		Isolated proximal humeral fx
10. MODIFIED ROWE SHOULDER SCORE (MRS) [88]	Romeo et al., 1996 [89] *		Shoulder stabilization procedures	Bankart-type repairs, capsular shifts, arthroscopic stabilizations
11. MODIFIED UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA—LOS ANGELES SHOULDER SCALE (UCLA) [95]	Cook et al., 2002 [22] *		Shoulder dysfunction
	Oh et al., 2009 [24]		RC disorders, isolated SLAP lesions, shoulder instability
	Van de Water et al., 2014 [83]		Isolated proximal humeral fx
	Vascellari et al., 2018 [96]		Anterior shoulder instability	Arthroscopic Bankart repair, open Bristow-Latarjet procedure **
12. MUNICH SHOULDER QUESTIONNAIRE (MSQ) [100]	Schmidutz et al., 2012 [100] *		Shoulder disorder
13. OXFORD INSTABILITY SCORE (OIS) [104]	Dawson et al., 1999 [104] *		Shoulder instability
13. OXFORD INSTABILITY SCORE (OIS) [104]	Van der Linde et al., 2017 [105]		Primary and recurrent shoulder instability
14. OXFORD SHOULDER SCORE (OSS) [111]	Dawson et al., 1996 [111] *		Impingement syndrome, RC tear, calcified deposits in the RC tendon, primary or secondary OA, inflammatory arthritis, adhesive capsulitis
14. OXFORD SHOULDER SCORE (OSS) [111]	Van de Water et al., 2014 [83]		Isolated proximal humeral fracture
15. PEDIATRIC/ ADOLESCENT SHOULDER SURVEY (PASS) [129]	Edmonds et al., 2017 [129] *	Complaints related to the shoulder
16. PENN SHOULDER SCORE (PSS) [132]	Cook et al., 2001 [133] *	Pain and dysfunction
16. PENN SHOULDER SCORE (PSS) [132]	Leggin et al., 2006 [134]		Impingement/tendinopathy, RC tear, instability, adhesive capsulitis/frozen shoulder, proximal humerus fx, acromioclavicular joint arthritis, glenohumeral joint arthritis
17. ROTATOR CUFF QUALITY OF LIFE (RC-QOL) [142]	Hollinshead et al., 2000 [142] *		RC disease
	Razmjou et al., 2006 [143]		Impingement syndrome	RC repair
	Eubank et al., 2017 [144]		Chronic full-thickness RC tear
18. ROWE SCALE [94]	Romeo et al., 1996 [89] *		Shoulder stabilization procedures	Bankart-type repairs, capsular shifts, arthroscopic stabilizations
18. ROWE SCALE [94]	Oh et al., 2009 [24]		RC disorders, isolated SLAP lesions, shoulder instability
19. SHORT WESTERN ONTARIO ROTATOR CUFF INDEX (SHORT-WORC) [159]	Razmjou et al., 2012 [159] *		RC pathology with biceps lesion	Acromioplasty, RC repair, debridement, tenodesis or tenotomy of LHB
	Dewan et al., 2016 [160]			RC repair with or without acromioplasty
	Dewan et al., 2018 [161]			RC repair
	Furtado et al., 2020 [162]		RC disorders
20. SHOULDER ACTIVITY RATING SCALE (SARS) [12]	Brophy et al., 2005 [12] *		RC tears, glenohumeral joint OA, RC arthropathy	Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
21. SHOULDER FUNCTION INDEX (SFInX) [165]	Van de Water et al., 2015 [165] *		Isolated proximal humeral fx, proximal humeral fx-dislocation
21. SHOULDER FUNCTION INDEX (SFInX) [165]	Van de Water et al., 2015 [166]		Isolated proximal humeral fx or proximal humeral fx-dislocation
22. SHOULDER PAIN AND DISABILITY INDEX (SPADI) [167]	Roach et al., 1991 [167] *	Pain
	Beaton et al., 1996 [20]		Shoulder disorders
	Heald et al., 1997 [168]	Pain, weakness	Impingement/tendinopathy/ bursitis, instability/dislocation, RC syndrome, adhesive capsulitis, fx, sternoclavicular or acromioclavicular joint subluxation, contusion	Arthroscopic surgery, RC repair
	Beaton et al., 1998 [21]	Pain	RC disease, OA, glenohumeral instability, malunion of a shoulder fx	RC repair, total shoulder arthroplasty
	Roddey et al., 2000 [169]		Shoulder disorders
	Cook et al., 2001 [133]	Pain and dysfunction
	Cook et al., 2002 [22]	Dysfunction
	Paul et al., 2004 [61]	Pain
	MacDermid et al., 2006 [170]	Pain
	Angst et al., 2008 [46]			Primary unilateral or bilateral total shoulder arthroplasty
	Bicer et al., 2010 [171]	Pain	Adhesive capsulitis, RC/biceps tendinopathy, RC tear, myofascial, OA, bursitis
	Staples et al., 2010 [172]	Pain, stiffness	Adhesive capsulitis
	Hill et al., 2011 [173]	Pain, stiffness
	Riley et al., 2015 [174]	Pain
	Jerosch-Herold et al., 2017 [175]	Pain
	Thoomes de Graaf et al., 2017 [176]	Pain
	James-Berlin et al., 2018 [51]	Pain	Degenerative RC disease (tendinopathy with or without full-thickness tear)
	Vascellari et al., 2018 [96]		Anterior shoulder instability	Arthroscopic Bankart repair, open Bristow-Latarjet procedure **
	Riley et al., 2019 [177]	Pain
	Dabija et al., 2019 [27]		RC tears
	Boake et al., 2020 [178]			RC repair
23. SHOULDER PAIN SCORE (SPS) [196]	Winters et al., 1996 [196] *	Pain
24. SHOULDER RATING QUESTIONNAIRE (SRQ) [203]	L’Insalata et al., 1997 [203] *		Impingement instability, complete tear of the RC, OA of the glenohumeral joint, adhesive capsulitis, OA of the acromioclavicular joint
24. SHOULDER RATING QUESTIONNAIRE (SRQ) [203]	Paul et al., 2004 [61]	Pain
25. SIMPLE SHOULDER TEST (SST) [206]	Beaton et al., 1996 [20] *		Shoulder disorder
	Beaton et al., 1998 [21]	Pain	RC disease, OA, glenohumeral instability, malunion of a shoulder fx	RC repair, total shoulder arthroplasty
	Roddey et al., 2000 [169]		Shoulder disorders
	Cook et al., 2001 [133]	Pain and dysfunction
	Godfrey et al., 2007 [207]		Shoulder instability, RC injury
	Oh et al., 2009 [24]		RC disorders, isolated SLAP lesions, shoulder instability
	Roy et al., 2010 [208]			Shoulder arthroplasty: hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
	Hsu et al., 2017 [209]		OA, rheumatoid arthritis, avascular necrosis, capsulorrhaphy arthropathy, post-traumatic arthritis, cuff tear arthropathy	Shoulder arthroplasty
	Vascellari et al., 2018 [96]		Anterior shoulder instability	Arthroscopic Bankart repair, open Bristow-Latarjet procedure **
	Baumgarten et al., 2020 [31]			RC repair and total shoulder arthroplasty
26. SINGLE ASSESSMENT NUMERIC EVALUATION RATING (SANE) [216]	Sciascia et al., 2017 [26] *		Primary glenohumeral OA	Total shoulder arthroplasty
	Gowd et al., 2019 [217]		Primary glenohumeral arthritis and RC arthropathy	Anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
	Thigpen et al., 2018 [218]	Signs and symptoms of subacromial impingement or adhesive capsulitis		Primary arthroscopic RC repair, total shoulder replacement
	Cohn et al., 2020 [219]			Total shoulder arthroplasty or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty
27. SUBJECTIVE SHOULDER RATING SCALE (SSRS) [223]	Beaton et al., 1996 [20] *		Shoulder disorders
	Kohn et al., 1997 [224]			Anterior shoulder reconstructions, subacromial decompressions
	Beaton et al., 1998 [21]	Pain	RC disease, OA, glenohumeral instability, malunion of a shoulder fx	RC repair, total shoulder arthroplasty
28. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA—LOS ANGELES SHOULDER SCALE (UCLA) [225]	Romeo et al., 1996 [89] *		Shoulder stabilization procedures	Bankart-type repairs, capsular shifts, arthroscopic stabilizations
	Roddey et al., 2000 [169]		Shoulder disorders
29. UNITED KINGDOM SHOULDER DISABILITY QUESTIONNAIRE (UK-SDQ) [230]	Croft et al., 1994 [230] *	Pain
	Paul et al., 2004 [61]	Pain
30. WESTERN ONTARIO SHOULDER INSTABILITY INDEX (WOSI) [232]	Kirkley et al., 1998 [232] *		Instability shoulder
	Oh et al., 2009 [24]		RC disorder, SLAP lesion, shoulder instability
	Kemp et al., 2012 [25]	Symptoms of shoulder instability	Shoulder instability
	Van der Linde et al., 2017 [105]		Primary and recurrent shoulder instability
31. WESTERN ONTARIO OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE SHOULDER INDEX (WOOS) [250]	Lo et al., 2001 [250] *	Pain	OA
	Sciascia et al., 2017 [26]		Primary glenohumeral OA	Total shoulder arthroplasty
32. WESTERN ONTARIO ROTATOR CUFF INDEX (WORC) [258]	Kirkley et al., 2003 [258] *	Symptoms	RC tendinopathy, RC tendinopathy with no tear, partial-thickness RC tears, full-thickness RC tears, RC arthropathy
	Razmjou et al., 2006 [143]		Impingement syndrome
	Gadsboell et al., 2017 [259]	Scapula alata

Note: * Original validation studies. ** Specific surgical technique. Abbreviations: fx, fracture; OA, osteoarthritis; RC, rotator cuff; ROM, range of motion.