Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and their comparisons between wound necrosis and no wound necrosis groups.
| Variables | Wound Necrosis Group n = 8; n (%) |
No Wound Necrosis Group n = 19; n (%) |
p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient characteristics | |||
| Age # | 45.5 (33.5–61.5) | 48 (34–59) | 0.99 |
| Male sex | 1 (12.5) | 5 (26.3) | 0.90 |
| Bite information | |||
| Lower extremity | 5 (62.5) | 12 (63.2) | 0.79 |
| Upper extremity | 3 (37.5) | 6 (31.6) | |
| Face | 0 (0.00) | 1 (5.3) | |
| Fang mark | 0.09 | ||
| 0 | 0 (0.00) | 3(15.8) | |
| 1 | 0 (0.00) | 5 (26.3) | |
| 2 | 8 (100) | 11 (57.9) | |
| Clinical Features | |||
| Initial local swelling | 0.006 | ||
| None to mild | 1 (12.5) | 17 (89.5) | |
| Moderate to severe | 7 (87.5) | 2 (10.5) | |
| Initial necrosis | 4 (50) | 0 (0.00) | 0.004 |
| Systemic Symptoms/signs | |||
| No | 0 (0.00) | 11 (57.9) | |
| Neurologic (muscle weakness) |
3 (37.5) | 4 (21.1) | 0.14 |
| Gastrointestinal | 5 (62.5) | 4 (21.1) | 0.37 |
| Antivenom before sampling | 0.01 | ||
| 0 vial | 3 (37.5) | 16 (84.2) | |
| 1 vial | 5 (62.5) | 2 (10.5) | |
| 2 vials | 0 (0.00) | 1 (5.2) | |
| Serum venom level (ng/mL) # | 372 (153.5–611.5) | 21 (0–874) | 0.31 |
| Presentation time (h) # | 14.5 (5–125.5) | 3 (2–6) | 0.02 |
| Product of time × level # | 5734 (937–15,342.5) | 42 (0–2430) | 0.01 |
| Treatment Modalities | |||
| Total antivenom (vial) | 3.5 (1.5–6) | 2 (1–6) | 0.52 |
| Operation needed | 8 (29.6) | 1 (3.7) | <0.0001 |
# these variables were expressed as Median(Q1–Q3). Other variables were expressed as count and the percentage.