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. 2021 May 11;13(5):1601. doi: 10.3390/nu13051601

Table 6.

Comparison of net energy intake reduction in response to infusion of fat, fatty acids, proteins, amino acids or carbohydrate per location: duodenum, jejunum or ileum.

Location Infusate Infusate Infusate Infusate Infusate
LCT fat LC fatty acids Proteins Amino acids Carbohydrates
Duodenum + + +
Jejunum ++ NA + NA
Ileum ++ NA ++ NA ++

Combined results of data obtained from published studies listed in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 and individual data from Table A1, Table A2 and Table A3. NA: not assessed. Net reduction: reduction in energy intake of meal minus energy content of infusate. − means net reduction in energy intake is negative: increase in the amount of calories ingested. = means no net reduction in energy intake, reduction in energy intake of meal = energy content of infusate. +/++/+++ means net reduction in energy intake: reduction in energy intake of meal > energy content of infusate + net reduction 0–100 kcal ++ net reduction 100–300 kcal +++ net reduction > 300 kcal.