Table A3.

Net effect of infusion of carbohydrates into duodenum, jejunum or ileum on energy intake, taking into account the reduction in energy intake of meal minus energy content of the infusate.

Reference	Location	Infusate		Reduction in Energy Intake (EI) of Meal	Net Effect: Reduction EI Meal-EI Infusate
		Type	Energy Content of Infusate
23	Duodenum	glucose	120 kcal	+128 kcal	−
			240 kcal	+135 kcal	−
			480 kcal	119 kcal	−
26	Duodenum	glucose	342 kcal	98 kcal (BMI 30–40 kg/m2)	−
			342 kcal	63 kcal (BMI 19–29 kg/m2)	−
27	Duodenum	glucose	342 kcal	140 kcal	−
28	Duodenum	glucose	348 kcal	350 kcal	=
32	Ileum	sucrose	17 kcal	95 kcal	+
			52 kcal	187 kcal	++
45	Duodenum	glucose	287 kcal	402 kcal	+
46	Duodenum	glucose	180 kcal	30 kcal	−
		fructose	180 kcal	200 kcal	+
48	Duodenum	glucose	56 kcal	58 kcal	=
	Ileum	glucose	56 kcal	119 kcal	+
49	Duodenum	glucose	288 kcal	184 kcal	−

Net effect: − means that reduction energy intake (EI) meal < EI infusate. = means reduction EI meal = EI infusate. +/++/+++ means reduction EI meal > EI infusate. +: 0–100 kcal; ++100–300 kcal; +++: > 300 kcal Note that + in the section Reduction in Energy Intake (EI) of meal means an increase in energy intake compared to control condition. Energy intake reduction is presented as percentage reduction of energy intake as compared to control conditions.