Table 4.
Volatile alcohols (µg L−1) determined in wines from Malbec plants exposed to combined UV-B, WD and ABA treatments.
| Treatmens | Iso-butanol | 3-Methyl-1-pentanol | Hexanol | 2,3 butanediol | Linalool | 1,3 butanediol | Citronellol | 2-Phenylethanol | Nerolidol | Glycerin | Total Alcohols |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV-B | |||||||||||
| +UV-B | 170.5 ± 29.6b | 14.7 ± 0.8 | 66.3 ± 8.2 | 185.9 ± 18.7b | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 55.2 ± 6.7 | 16.3 ± 1.3 | 2154.4 ± 261.8 | 8.5 ± 1.1b | 27.6 ± 10.4 | 2707.8 ± 298.3b |
| −UV-B | 316.7 ± 46.2a | 11.5 ± 1.5 | 57.6 ± 5.8 | 240.0 ± 39.1a | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 61.4 ± 9.3 | 19.0 ± 1.9 | 2845.4 ± 206.3 | 11.0 ± 1.7a | 344.2 ± 154.9 | 3916.0 ± 321.1a |
| ABA | |||||||||||
| +ABA | 196.1 ± 23.9 | 10.9 ± 1.3a | 51.1 ± 3.8b | 159.9 ± 11.8 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 42.7 ± 2.3b | 16.9 ± 1.4 | 2589.5 ± 233.3 | 9.7 ± 1.1 | 57.9 ± 21.1 | 3143.0 ± 269.9 |
| −ABA | 291.1 ± 54.7 | 15.4 ± 0.8b | 72.8 ± 8.3a | 266.0 ± 36.9 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 73.9 ± 9.1a | 18.4 ± 1.8 | 2410.3 ± 277.3 | 9.9 ± 1.7 | 314.0 ± 158.8 | 3480.8 ± 424.7 |
| WD | |||||||||||
| +WD | 196.1 ± 51.7 | 14.0 ± 1.5 | 65.2 ± 9.6 | 161.8 ± 16.1 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 45.2 ± 5.5 | 15.9 ± 1.6b | 2036.6 ± 251.9b | 7.5 ± 1.2b | 27.1 ± 7.5 | 2606.2 ± 306.7b |
| −WD | 291.1 ± 35.5 | 12.2 ± 0.9 | 58.7 ± 3.4 | 264.0 ± 35.7 | 2.5 ± 0.3 | 71.4 ± 8.4 | 19.5 ± 1.6a | 2963.1 ± 174.1a | 12.0 ± 1.4a | 344.8 ± 154.9 | 4017.6 ± 271.7a |
| +UV-B | |||||||||||
| +WD/+ABA | 124.8 ± 21.3 | 13.8 ± 2.8 | 60.0 ± 3.9 | 158.4 ± 2.3 | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 37.5 ± 1.7 | 13.0 ± 1.9 | 1501.2 ± 81.4 | 8.3 ± 1.5 | 12.3 ± 4.9b | 1934.8 ± 91.8 |
| −WD/+ABA | 170.4 ± 42.1 | 13.3 ± 0.3 | 55.0 ± 1.0 | 136.1 ± 9.8 | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 43.4 ± 2.4 | 18.4 ± 2.3 | 3045.7 ± 96.9 | 11.7 ± 1.9 | 24.9 ± 8.8b | 3530.1 ± 135.2 |
| +WD/−ABA | 100.5 ± 6.9 | 16.8 ± 0.8 | 94.5 ± 30.3 | 182.5 ± 11.3 | 1.2 ± 0.6 | 52.9 ± 7.6 | 15.2 ± 3.5 | 1304.1 ± 38.4 | 4.5 ± 1.4 | 9.3 ± 2.5b | 1787.0 ± 26.3 |
| −WD/−ABA | 286.3 ± 82.3 | 15.1 ± 1.5 | 55.9 ± 4.7 | 266.5 ± 51.1 | 1.7 ± 0.3 | 87.0 ± 13.6 | 18.8 ± 1.6 | 2766.5 ± 575.0 | 9.6 ± 2.0 | 64.1 ± 36.6b | 3579.3 ± 699.8 |
| −UV-B | |||||||||||
| +WD/+ABA | 225.4 ± 56.3 | 5.3 ± 1.5 | 37.9 ± 10.8 | 126.3 ± 18.1 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 38.4 ± 5.2 | 15.3 ± 4.0 | 2725.3 ± 587.0 | 6.1 ± 0.6 | 29.9 ± 12.6b | 3216.7 ± 690.3 |
| −WD/+ABA | 263.8 ± 40.1 | 11.1 ± 2.0 | 51.5 ± 6.6 | 218.6 ± 7.4 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 51.3 ± 4.9 | 21.1 ± 1.5 | 3085.7 ± 91.9 | 12.5 ± 2.8 | 164.5 ± 43.3b | 3890.4 ± 112.9 |
| +WD/−ABA | 459.4 ± 121.8 | 12.9 ± 1.3 | 68.4 ± 11.8 | 180.0 ± 65.1 | 3.6 ± 0.8 | 51.8 ± 21.8 | 20.2 ± 3.0 | 2615.9 ± 476.3 | 11.1 ± 4.1 | 56.8 ± 18.7b | 3486.3 ± 670.2 |
| −WD/−ABA | 318.3 ± 107.3 | 16.7 ± 2.2 | 72.5 ± 7.5 | 434.9 ± 38.3 | 3.4 ± 0.7 | 104.0 ± 9.5 | 19.6 ± 6.5 | 2954.6 ± 536.6 | 14.3 ± 4.4 | 1125.7 ± 336.1a | 5070.5 ± 571.0 |
| ANOVA a | |||||||||||
| p(UV-B) | 0.0390 | 0.0989 | 0.4278 | 0.0224 | 0.0680 | 0.1274 | 0.5693 | 0.1713 | 0.0417 | 0.0799 | 0,0347 |
| p(ABA) | 0.1414 | 0.0011 | 0.0412 | 0.0019 | 0.0358 | 0.0018 | 0.5506 | 0.5535 | 0.9051 | 0.0121 | 0,3722 |
| p(WD) | 0.4522 | 0.1481 | 0.4378 | 0.0215 | 0.3991 | 0.0465 | 0.0334 | 0.0314 | 0.0169 | 0.0240 | 0,0231 |
| p(UV-B ×ABA) | 0.4227 | 0.0501 | 0.6616 | 0.2527 | 0.0013 | 0.8029 | 0.9382 | 0.8438 | 0.1097 | 0.0172 | 0,3103 |
| p(UV-B × WD) | 0.0967 | 0.0453 | 0.1115 | 0.0627 | 0.9513 | 0.5320 | 0.4373 | 0.1130 | 0.8174 | 0.0340 | 0.5132 |
| p(ABA × WD) | 0.8702 | 0.3719 | 0.2621 | 0.0208 | 0.1368 | 0.0391 | 0.4259 | 0.9308 | 0.8402 | 0.0152 | 0.4607 |
| p(UV-B ×ABA × WD) | 0.2073 | 0.8242 | 0.5178 | 0.5641 | 0.2432 | 0.6967 | 0.6462 | 0.9598 | 0.5204 | 0.0229 | 0.6310 |
Values are means for each factor or treatment (n=3) ±SEM. Different lowercase letters within columns indicate significant differences (Fisher’s LSD, p ≤ 0.05). a p(UV-B), p(ABA) and p(WD): effects of UV-B, ABA and WD, respectively; p(UV-B ×ABA), p(UV-B × WD), p(ABA × WD), and p(UV-B ×ABA × WD): interaction effects of factors. p-values ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant, and are in bold.