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. 2021 May 11;22(10):5081. doi: 10.3390/ijms22105081
4E-BP1 eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein
AKT protein kinase B
AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase
CaN calcineurin
cGMP cyclic guanosine monophosphate
c-Myc c-myelocytomatosis oncogene (transcription factor)
CSA cross-sectional area
eIF2B eukaryotic initiation factor 2B
FoxO forkhead box O protein
GC guanylate cyclase
GS1 glycogen synthase-1
GSK-3β glycogen synthase kinase-3β
GSK-3β KO mice lacking muscle GSK-3β
HS hindlimb suspension
HU hindlimb unloading
IGF-1 insulin-like growth factor 1
ILK integrin-linked kinase
IR insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor
IRS-1 insulin receptor substrate 1
LC3 microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B
LiCl lithium chloride
L-NAME N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester
MAFbx muscle atrophy F-box protein/atrogin-1
MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase
MCIP 1.4 modulatory calcineurin-interaction protein 1.4
MEF-2 myocyte enhancer factor-2
mir-208 micro-RNA 208
mTORC1 mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1
MuRF1 muscle RING finger protein
MyHC myosin heavy chain
NES nuclear export signal
NFAT nuclear factor of activated T-cells
NO nitric oxide
NRF nuclear respiratory factor
p70S6K ribosomal protein S6 kinase p70
PGC-1α peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PKA protein kinase A
PKB protein kinase B (AKT)
PKC protein kinase C
PKD1 protein kinase D1
PKG protein kinase G
PMS plantar mechanical stimulation
PP1 protein phosphatase 1
PP2A protein phosphatase 2A
PuRA purine Rich Element Binding Protein A
PuRB purine Rich Element Binding Protein B
rRNA ribosomal RNA
SOX-6 transcription factor
SP3 transcription factor
TDZD-8 thiadiazolidinone-8
TFAM Mitochondrial transcription factor A
TFEB transcription factor EB
THRAP mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 13
TNNI1 slow isoform of troponin
TSC2 tuberous sclerosis complex 2
UPP ubiquitin–proteasome pathway
WT wild-type mice