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. 2021 May 13;12(5):553. doi: 10.3390/mi12050553
MPI multiphoton ionization
E electrical field envelop
ω0 carrier wave frequency
c speed of light in air
w0 beam radius
wf beam waist
zf Rayleigh length
tp FWHM pulse duration
k wavenumber
f beam curvature
n2 nonlinear refractive index
Pcr critical power for self focusing
σ cross section for inverse bremsstrahlung process
τc electron collision time
ρc critical plasma density
Ui band gap
γ Keldysh parameter
WPI photon ionization rate
σ4 cross section for multiphoton ionization
η avalanche ionization coefficient
ρat background atom density
τr electron recombination time