Table 3.
Adjusted odds ratio for prevalence of hearing loss with different smoking status in males and females (N=4685)
| Variables | Male (n=2386) | Female (n=2299) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AOR | 95% CI | p* | AOR | 95% CI | p* | |
| Speech-frequency hearing loss | ||||||
| Never smokers (Ref.) | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.213 | ||
| Passive smokers | 1.19 | (0.89–1.59) | 0.248 | 1.25 | (0.99–1.57) | 0.062 |
| Current smokers | 1.64 | (1.27–2.11) | <0.001 | 1.77 | (0.69–4.56) | 0.237 |
| Past smokers | 2.16 | (1.47–3.17) | <0.001 | 1.05 | (0.35–3.18) | 0.936 |
| High-frequency hearing loss | ||||||
| Never smokers (Ref.) | 1 | <0.001 | 1 | 0.990 | ||
| Passive smokers | 1.27 | (0.95–1.70) | 0.101 | 1.04 | (0.83–1.29) | 0.749 |
| Current smokers | 1.80 | (1.38–2.34) | <0.001 | 0.99 | (0.38–2.60) | 0.990 |
| Past smokers | 2.38 | (1.51–3.75) | <0.001 | 0.96 | (0.31–2.98) | 0.941 |
AOR: adjusted odds ratio; adjusted for the covariates of age, education level, income level, drinking, workplace noise, frequency of earphone use, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.
*
Statistical significance at p<0.05. Ref.: reference group.