Table 4.
Adjusted and unadjusted Odds Ratio (OR) of reported health care need (Outcome A), and appropriate health-seeking behaviour (Outcome B), against sociodemographic variables, from binomial logistic regression
| Variables | Outcome A | Outcome B | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Unadjusted OR | p | Adjusted ORa | p | n | Unadjusted OR | p | Adjusted ORa | p | |
| SSS quartiles | 11,071 | 5452 | ||||||||
| 1st quartile | 3987 | 1 | 1 | 1173 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2nd quartile | 2076 | 1.23 (1.10–1.36) | < 0.001 | 1.36 (1.18–1.56) | < 0.001 | 1034 | 1.29 (0.93–1.77) | 0.122 | 1.52 (1.05–2.19) | 0.025 |
| 3rd quartile | 2754 | 1.31 (1.19–1.44) | < 0.001 | 1.10 (0.98–1.24) | 0.120 | 1417 | 1.28 (0.96–1.71) | 0.093 | 1.74 (1.24–2.43) | 0.001 |
| 4th quartile | 2254 | 1.45 (1.31–1.61) | < 0.001 | 1.12 (0.99–1.28) | 0.067 | 1218 | 2.07 (1.46–2.95) | < 0.001 | 2.23 (1.52–3.26) | < 0.001 |
| Household income | 9840 | 4730 | ||||||||
| <= 10,000 AOA | 2709 | 1 | 1 | 1222 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 10,001–30,000 AOA | 5131 | 1.17 (1.06–1.28) | 0.001 | 0.96 (0.86–1.08) | 0.540 | 2510 | 1.66 (1.27–2.17) | < 0.001 | 1.33 (0.97–1.82) | 0.074 |
| > 30,000 AOA | 1640 | 1.89 (1.67–2.14) | < 0.001 | 1.56 (1.34–1.81) | < 0.001 | 998 | 1.52 (1.09–2.12) | 0.014 | 1.09 (0.74–1.61) | 0.663 |
| Proportion res/fixed salary | 12,224/12,246 | 0.76 (0.66–0.88) | < 0.001 | 0.53 (0.43–0.64) | < 0.001 | 5870/5881 | 1.87 (1.06–3.32) | 0.032 | 1.20 (0.63–2.29) | 0.586 |
| Years of Schooling | 10,747/12,246 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.007 | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.003 | 5368/5881 | 1.02 (0.99–1.05) | 0.129 | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 0.673 |
| Place of residence | 12,240 | 5881 | ||||||||
| Rural | 2628 | 1 | 1 | 871 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Urban | 9612 | 2.20 (2.01–2.40) | < 0.001 | 1.57 (1.30–1.88) | < 0.001 | 5010 | 1.60 (1.23–2.09) | < 0.001 | 0.73 (0.40–1.33) | 0.307 |
| Distance to health facilities | 12,246 | 5881 | ||||||||
| < 2 km | 8302 | 1 | 1 | 4196 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| 2–10 km | 2450 | 0.92 (0.84–1.01) | 0.075 | 1.05 (0.92–1.19) | 0.491 | 1187 | 1.52 (1.11–2.08) | 0.010 | 1.54 (1.03–2.29) | 0.04 |
| > 10 km | 1494 | 0.49 (0.44–0.55) | < 0.001 | 0.66 (0.52–0.83) | 0.001 | 498 | 0.51 (0.38–0.70) | < 0.001 | 0.37 (0.18–0.73) | 0.005 |
| Drinking water | 12,189 | 5228 | ||||||||
| Unimproved | 5212 | 1 | 1 | 2015 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Improved | 6977 | 1.55 (1.44–1.66) | < 0.001 | 1.15 (1.03–1.30) | 0.016 | 3513 | 1.46 (1.18–1.81) | 0.001 | 1.65 (1.20–2.26) | 0.002 |
| Associative filiation | 12,239 | 5881 | ||||||||
| No | 8111 | 1 | 1 | 4324 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 4128 | 1.89 (1.75–2.04) | < 0.001 | 1.17 (1.05–1.29) | 0.004 | 1557 | 1.39 (1.10–1.74) | 0.005 | 1.43 (1.08–1.89) | 0.013 |
| Bed net ownership | 12,051 | 5788 | ||||||||
| No | 3854 | 1 | 1 | 3691 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 8197 | 1.46 (1.35–1.57) | < 0.001 | 1.52 (1.38–1.68) | < 0.001 | 2097 | 1.35 (1.07–1.71) | 0.011 | 1.46 (1.10–1.95) | 0.009 |
Note: Values of OR > 1 indicate increased risk of self-reported health care need and odds of appropriate HSB. a Adjusted for all variables listed