Table 2.
Surgical technique used for endoscopic fasciotomy of the forearm for chronic exertional compartment syndrome
| Ref. | Sample size |
Surgical technique
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|
Special tools
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Incisions
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Other surgical notes
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| Abe and Fujii[10], 2017 | 1 (unilateral) | 2.3 mm endoscope with 30° angle | 1 cm single incision, 2 cm proximal to the point of tenderness | Release of brachioradialis fascia (case involved mobile wad only) |
| Hijjawi and Nagle[14], 2010 | 1 (unilateral) | 4.5 mm 30° endoscope and probe blade from Chow dual-port endoscopic carpal tunnel set | 2 incision: 2 cm transverseincision was made at the junction of the middle and distal thirds of the forearm in line with the flexor-pronator muscles; another 2 cm incision made 4 cm distal to the elbow crease | -- |
| Jans et al[11], 2015 | 154 (all bilateral) | The single-use Vasoview 7 Endoscopic Vessel Harvesting System (Maquet–Getinge Group, Rastatt, Germany) | Single 3 cm volar incision between flexor carpi radialis tendon and palmaris longus tendon made 4 cm proximal to the wrist | Decompression of the superficial flexor compartment done up to 3 cm distal to cubital fold |
| Miller et al[17], 2017 | 2 (1 bilateral) | EndoRelease (Integra LifeSciences Corporation,Plainsboro, New Jersey) system | Single incision over the subcutaneous border of the ulna midway between olecranon and ulnar styloid | -- |
| Pegoli et al[15], 2016 | 3 (1 bilateral) | STORZ endoscopy set | Single 2 cm volar incision: Line drawn between medial epicondyle to wrist flexion crease ulnar to palmaris longus tendon, then divided into 4 parts. Incision is made between first and second quarters proximally | Fasciotomy between flexor carpi radialis/palmaris longus tendons laterally and flexor carpi ulnaris medially |
| Ruyer et al[16], 2020 | 21 (15 bilateral) | SmartRelease® (previously Agee®) endoscopic system (Micro- Aire Surgical Instruments, VA, United States) | Incision based on the involved compartments: Line drawn between medial epicondyle to middle of wrist flexion crease anteriorly, and between lateral epicondyle and Lister’s tubercle posteriorly. 2 or 3 small incisions are made along the lines to fit the 6 cm long endoscopic knife | -- |
| Seiler et al[18], 2011 | 1 (bilateral) | 0° endoscope and electrocautery forceps | 3 incisions: dorsal incision just proximal to extensor retinaculum along a line between lateral epicondyle and Lister’s tubercle; volar incision made along a line between palmaris longus tendon and biceps tendon, proximal incision made 1 cm distal to the midline of the antecubital fossa, and distal incision at the wrist crease just ulnar to palmaris longus tendon | -- |