Table 3.
Least square means of metabolic syndrome components according to quintiles of total starchy vegetables, unhealthy starchy vegetables, and healthy vegetables consumptions in crude and fully adjusted models (n = 1881).
| Quintiles | p for Trend | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (n = 376) | 2 (n = 376) | 3 (n = 377) | 4 (n = 376) | 5 (n = 376) | |||
| Total starchy vegetables | |||||||
| Median intake (g/day) | 25.1 ± 13.0 | 45.5 ± 9.2 | 62.5 ± 8.7 | 85.2 ± 14.3 | 131.3 ± 43.2 | ||
| Adjusted Waist circumference (cm) 1 | Crude model | 104.7 | 104.3 | 104.2 | 103.8 | 102.6 | <0.0001 |
| Fully adjusted | 104.0 | 103.7 | 104.1 | 104.3 | 103.6 | 0.4247 | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) 2, 3 | Crude model | 213 | 218 | 215 | 211 | 211 | 0.5618 |
| Fully adjusted | 210 | 215 | 215 | 212 | 216 | 0.6586 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) 2 | Crude model | 40.5 | 40.3 | 40.3 | 41.0 | 42.1 | 0.0026 |
| Fully adjusted | 40.7 | 40.7 | 40.6 | 40.8 | 41.5 | 0.1661 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Crude model | 134 | 133 | 134 | 136 | 140 | <0.0001 |
| Fully adjusted | 136 | 134 | 135 | 135 | 137 | 0.3448 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Crude model | 82 | 81 | 82 | 81 | 82 | 0.4838 |
| Fully adjusted | 82 | 81 | 82 | 81 | 82 | 0.6109 | |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | Crude model | 79.6 | 75.5 | 76.6 | 74.1 | 74.7 | 0.0040 |
| Fully adjusted | 79.8 | 75.4 | 76.6 | 73.9 | 74.7 | 0.0040 | |
| Unhealthy starchy vegetables | |||||||
| Median intake (g/day) | 2.7 ± 5.1 | 11.0 ± 3.7 | 20.2 ± 5.6 | 33.7 ± 9.2 | 68.6 ± 42.5 | ||
| Adjusted Waist circumference (cm) 1 | Crude model | 104.5 | 104.3 | 104.0 | 104.1 | 102.7 | <0.0001 |
| Fully adjusted | 103.9 | 103.9 | 104.1 | 104.1 | 103.6 | 0.1968 | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) 2 | Crude model | 211 | 216 | 228 | 210 | 203 | 0.1158 |
| Fully adjusted | 210 | 214 | 228 | 210 | 206 | 0.2410 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) 2, 3 | Crude model | 39.9 | 40.8 | 40.7 | 40.9 | 42.0 | 0.0014 |
| Fully adjusted | 40.2 | 41.0 | 40.6 | 41.0 | 41.5 | 0.0508 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Crude model | 135 | 133 | 136 | 136 | 137 | 0.0590 |
| Fully adjusted | 135 | 135 | 136 | 135 | 135 | 0.5030 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Crude model | 82 | 82 | 82 | 81 | 82 | 0.3634 |
| Fully adjusted | 82 | 82 | 82 | 81 | 82 | 0.4423 | |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | Crude model | 77.3 | 77.0 | 76.1 | 74.6 | 75.5 | 0.1703 |
| Fully adjusted | 77.4 | 77.0 | 76.1 | 74.4 | 75.5 | 0.1635 | |
| Healthy starchy vegetables | |||||||
| Median intake (g/day) | 11.8 ± 7.6 | 24.7 ± 6.2 | 38.4 ± 7.6 | 54.7 ± 9.7 | 86.6 ± 39.9 | ||
| Adjusted Waist circumference (cm) 1 | Crude model | 104.6 | 104.8 | 103.8 | 103.7 | 102.7 | <0.0001 |
| Fully adjusted | 103.8 | 104.1 | 103.9 | 104.1 | 103.7 | 0.5396 | |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) 2 | Crude model | 218 | 206 | 215 | 211 | 217 | 0.7998 |
| Fully adjusted | 212 | 205 | 215 | 213 | 223 | 0.1061 | |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) 2, 3 | Crude model | 40.9 | 40.5 | 40.0 | 40.3 | 42.6 | 0.0022 |
| Fully adjusted | 41.0 | 40.9 | 40.1 | 40.3 | 42.0 | 0.0810 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Crude model | 133 | 135 | 134 | 135 | 139 | 0.0002 |
| Fully adjusted | 136 | 135 | 135 | 134 | 136 | 0.7570 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | Crude model | 82 | 82 | 81 | 82 | 81 | 0.4671 |
| Fully adjusted | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 0.6801 | |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | Crude model | 77.7 | 77.6 | 74.9 | 75.8 | 74.3 | 0.0150 |
| Fully adjusted | 77.8 | 77.4 | 75.1 | 75.8 | 74.3 | 0.0236 | |
1 Waist circumference is adjusted for age and BMI. 2 7, 25 missing observations. 3 HDL cholesterol-High-density lipoprotein Cholesterol.