Skip to main content
. 2020 Jul 9;117(6):1592–1605. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa201

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Glypican 1 protects endothelial cells from stiffness-mediated dysfunction and vascular disease. Cells cultured on 2.5 or 10 kPa polyacrylamide gels were treated with a gene plasmid to overexpress Glypican 1; alternatively, cells were treated with a control, non-targeting GFP plasmid, followed by assessment of cell function. (A) Inflammation was assessed by a monocyte adhesion assay and data were quantified as percentage bound monocytes on the surface of ECs, N = 9. (B) Expression of phospho-eNOS (green) was assessed by immunostaining, nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue) N = 7–9. (C) Cell proliferation was assessed by ki67 (red) immunostaining and nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). The data were quantified as percentage of cells positive for ki67, N = 6. Scale bar = 20 μm. Mean values ± S.E.M. are shown. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 using Student’s t-tests and ANOVA tests. (D) Summary schematic showing that age-mediated stiffness promotes EC dysfunction and vascular disease through the suppression of the glycocalyx core protein Glypican 1.