Table 1.
Association of demographic, incarceration-related, and job-related variables with willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine among people incarcerated and staff in a Massachusetts jail
| Variable | Entire cohort | Willing to accept COVID-19 vaccine* | Univariable OR (95% CI) | Multivariable OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | ||||
| People incarcerated in jail | n=443 | 181 (41%) | 262 (59%) | -- | -- |
| Age (mean ± SD) | 36 ± 11 | 39 ± 12 | 34 ± 11 | 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) | 1.04 (1.02, 1.06) |
| Race (n, (%)) | |||||
| White | 162 (37) | 75 (41) | 87 (33) | Reference | Reference |
| Asian | 15 (3.4) | 6 (3.3) | 9 (3.4) | 0.76 (0.25, 2.22) | 0.72 (0.23, 2.15) |
| Black | 109 (25) | 33 (4.1) | 76 (29) | 0.50 (0.29, 0.83) | 0.55 (0.32, 0.93) |
| Hispanic | 157 (35) | 67 (37) | 90 (34) | 0.84 (0.54, 1.31) | 1.03 (0.64, 1.63) |
| Other | 5 (1.1) | 2 (1.1) | 3 (1.1) | 0.76 (0.10, 4.73) | 0.89 (0.11, 5.99) |
| Incarceration status (n, (%)) | |||||
| Pre-trial | 304 (68.6) | 126 (41.4) | 178 (59) | Reference | Reference |
| Sentenced | 139 (31.4) | 55 (39.6) | 84 (60) | 0.92 (0.61, 1.39) | 0.82 (0.53, 1.25) |
| Correctional Staff (n, %) | n=245 | 201 (82%) | 44 (18%) | -- | -- |
| Age (n, (%)) | |||||
| 56+ | 47 (19) | 41 (20) | 6 (14) | Reference | Reference |
| 45–55 | 78 (32) | 69 (34) | 9 (21) | 1.12 (0.35, 3.34) | 1.48 (0.44, 4.73) |
| 35–45 | 69 (28) | 52 (26) | 17 (39) | 0.45 (0.15, 1.18) | 0.59 (0.19, 1.71) |
| 25–34 | 49 (20) | 38 (19) | 11 (25) | 0.51 (0.16, 1.46) | 0.71 (0.21, 2.25) |
| 18–24 | 2 (0.80) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (2.2) | 0.15 (0.01, 4.02) | 0.12 (0.00, 3.69) |
| Male (n, (%)) | 177 (72.2) | 149 (74.1) | 28 (64) | 1.64 (0.81, 3.24) | 3.28 (1.30, 8.57) |
| Race (n, (%)) | |||||
| White | 217 (88.6) | 182 (91) | 35 (80) | Reference | Reference |
| Asian | 7 (2.9) | 5 (2.5) | 2 (4.5) | 0.48 (0.10, 7.59) | 0.80 (0.15, 6.15) |
| Black | 12 (4.9) | 7 (3.5) | 5 (11.4) | 0.27 (0.08, 0.95) | 0.42 (0.10, 1.77) |
| Hispanic | 5 (2.0) | 4 (2.0) | 1 (2.3) | 0.77 (0.11, 15.29) | 0.67 (0.09, 13.59) |
| Another Race | 4 (1.6) | 3 (1.5) | 1 (2.3) | 0.58 (0.07, 11.85) | 0.49 (0.05, 10.81) |
| Role (n, (%)) | |||||
| Medical/mental health | 24 (9.8) | 22 (10.9) | 2 (4.5) | Reference | Reference |
| Administrative | 52 (21.2) | 44 (21.9) | 8 (18) | 0.50 (0.07, 2.21) | 0.21 (0.03, 1.12) |
| Operational or facilities | 25 (10.2) | 22 (10.9) | 3 (6.8) | 0.67 (0.08, 4.40) | 0.21 (0.02, 1.66) |
| Program services | 31 (12.7) | 27 (13.4) | 4 (9.1) | 0.61 (0.08, 3.45) | 0.34 (0.04, 2.12) |
| Uniformed correctional | 109 (44.5) | 83 (41.3) | 26 (59) | 0.29 (0.04, 1.08) | 0.09 (0.01, 0.46) |
| Vendor/contractor/other | 4 (1.6) | 3 (1.5) | 1 (2.3) | 0.27 (0.02, 6.90) | 0.21 (0.01, 5.96) |
*Question asked: “If an FDA-approved vaccine to prevent coronavirus / COVID-19 was available to you right now at no cost, would you agree to be vaccinated?”
Bolded values represent statistically significant findings with p < 0.05