Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics between the active and sham groups
| Active group (n = 14) Mean ± SD | Sham group (n = 12) Mean ± S.D | t | P | Cohen’s d | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||||||
| Age | 23.071 ± 5.784 | 25.333 ± 8.937 | −0.777 | 0.445 | 0.301 | |||
| Education (years) | 12.857 ± 1.748 | 12.750 ± 2.006 | 0.146 | 0.885 | 0.057 | |||
| Game usage in weekday (h) | 5.464 ± 4.116 | 2.625 ± 2.797 | 2.020 | 0.055 | 0.807 | |||
| Game usage in weekend (h) | 6.286 ± 4.237 | 8.375 ± 18.070 | −0.421 | 0.678 | 0.159 | |||
| Clinical features | ||||||||
| Baseline | 1-month follow-up | Baseline | 1-month follow-up | Wald  /t
|
P | |||
| IAT | 61.929 ± 14.897 | 55.071 ± 15.405 | 64.000 ± 14.954 | 62.500 ± 18.720 | 1.274 | 0.259 | ||
| Craving (VAS) | 6.786 ± 1.424 | 5.286 ± 1.978 | 7.167 ± 1.337 | 6.083 ± 1.424 | 2.562 | 0.109 | ||
| BIS-11 | 68.714 ± 8.660 | 67.357 ± 8.608 | 69.833 ± 13.381 | 70.417 ± 9.462 | 0.611 | 0.434 | ||
| SST total errors | 1.786 ± 1.847 | 1.929 ± 4.376 | 2.583 ± 5.035 | 2.667 ± 5.549 | 0.228 | 0.633 | ||
| SST proportion of successful stop in last half trials | 0.500 ± 0.120 | 0.513 ± 0.098 | 0.525 ± 0.139 | 0.473 ± 0.136 | 0.067 | 0.795 | ||
| BDI | 23.500 ± 13.944 | NA | 23.083 ± 9.986 | NA | 0.086 | 0.932 | ||
| BAI | 19.000 ± 12.070 | NA | 18.250 ± 12.983 | NA | 0.153 | 0.880 | ||
Note. Group comparisons of clinical features before and after the tDCS intervention were performed using GEE. SD, standard deviation.