Table 6.
Producer’s accuracy (PA) and user’s accuracy (UA) of land cover classes for all datasets, and the difference in UA and PA between S2+S1+DEM and each of the other datasets. Negative values indicate lower UA and PA for S2+S1+DEM compared to the other datasets. The best UA and PA values for each class are in bold.
| Land Cover Classes | S2 | S2+ | S1 | S1+ | S2+S1+ | S2+S1+DEM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UA | PA | UA | PA | UA | PA | UA | PA | UA | PA | UA | PA | |
| Mangrove | 99.6 | 85.3 | 100.0 | 91.3 | 74.2 | 74.7 | 85.0 | 72.5 | 100.0 | 92.5 | 100.0 | 96.2 |
| Mixed swamp | 88.8 | 99.5 | 91.9 | 99.5 | 82.4 | 73.7 | 78.7 | 85.0 | 91.1 | 99.5 | 92.3 | 99.7 |
| Palm swamp | 98.2 | 99.1 | 98.5 | 98.8 | 85.0 | 91.9 | 89.4 | 95.8 | 98.8 | 99.4 | 99.4 | 99.4 |
| Bog plain | 88.3 | 98.1 | 91.3 | 97.8 | 78.0 | 97.4 | 87.4 | 97.8 | 96.0 | 97.4 | 95.0 | 98.1 |
| Natural forest | 60.8 | 95.7 | 62.4 | 96.5 | 18.9 | 90.4 | 33.2 | 96.5 | 66.5 | 98.3 | 80.3 | 99.1 |
| Sparse vegetation | 92.1 | 81.4 | 93.5 | 83.1 | 98.9 | 36.4 | 100.0 | 45.0 | 93.6 | 90.9 | 94.8 | 90.9 |
| Coconut | 88.6 | 60.6 | 88.8 | 64.9 | 78.6 | 46.8 | 83.2 | 51.1 | 90.2 | 65.3 | 90.9 | 70.9 |
| Rubber | 94.3 | 86.8 | 92.2 | 88.2 | 87.4 | 63.6 | 64.0 | 76.3 | 94.0 | 89.9 | 94.4 | 95.2 |
| Oil palm | 88.4 | 87.1 | 91.4 | 91.4 | 75.0 | 64.3 | 79.7 | 78.6 | 98.5 | 94.3 | 100.0 | 95.7 |
| Built-up | 87.6 | 88.0 | 87.6 | 87.6 | 81.5 | 57.3 | 88.0 | 67.2 | 90.6 | 96.5 | 90.5 | 95.7 |
| Bare surface | 96.9 | 91.3 | 100.0 | 90.7 | 97.7 | 73.4 | 96.7 | 83.8 | 99.4 | 90.1 | 100.0 | 90.1 |
| Water | 87.0 | 100.0 | 81.3 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 88.5 | 97.7 | 96.6 | 97.8 | 100.0 | 97.8 | 100.0 |
| Difference (S2+S1+DEM—other datasets) | ||||||||||||
| Mangrove | 0.4 | 10.9 | 0.0 | 4.9 | 25.8 | 21.5 | 15.0 | 23.7 | 0.0 | 3.7 | ||
| Mixed swamp | 3.5 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 9.9 | 26.0 | 13.6 | 14.7 | 1.2 | 0.2 | ||
| Palm swamp | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 14.4 | 7.5 | 10.0 | 3.6 | 0.6 | 0.0 | ||
| Bog plain | 6.7 | 0.0 | 3.7 | 0.3 | 17.0 | 0.7 | 7.6 | 0.3 | −1.0 | 0.7 | ||
| Natural forest | 19.5 | 3.4 | 17.9 | 2.6 | 61.4 | 8.7 | 47.1 | 2.6 | 13.8 | 0.8 | ||
| Sparse vegetation | 2.7 | 9.5 | 1.3 | 7.8 | −4.1 | 54.5 | −5.2 | 45.9 | 1.2 | 0.0 | ||
| Coconut | 2.3 | 10.3 | 2.1 | 6.0 | 12.3 | 24.1 | 7.7 | 19.8 | 0.7 | 5.6 | ||
| Rubber | 0.1 | 8.4 | 2.2 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 31.6 | 30.4 | 18.9 | 0.4 | 5.3 | ||
| Oil palm | 11.6 | 8.6 | 8.6 | 4.3 | 25.0 | 31.4 | 20.3 | 17.1 | 1.5 | 1.4 | ||
| Built-up | 2.9 | 7.7 | 2.9 | 8.1 | 9.0 | 38.4 | 2.5 | 28.5 | −0.1 | −0.8 | ||
| Bare surface | 3.1 | −1.2 | 0.0 | −0.6 | 2.3 | 16.7 | 3.3 | 6.3 | 0.6 | 0.0 | ||
| Water | 10.8 | 0.0 | 16.5 | 0.0 | −2.2 | 11.5 | 0.1 | 3.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||