Table 1.

Specific alterations in the “ebb” phase and in the “flow” phase in severely burned patients.

	“Ebb Phase”	“Flow Phase”
Plasma volume	decreased	increased
Vascular resistance	increased	increased
Renal filtration	decreased	decreased
Cardiac output	decreased	increased
Tissue perfusion	decreased	decreased
Metabolism	hypometabolism	hypermetabolism
Mitochondrial dysfunction	initiated	accentuated
Endoplasmic reticulum stress	initiated	accentuated
Glycolysis	ecreased	increased
Proteolysis	decreased	increased
Lipolysis	decreased	increased
Thermogenesis	decreased	increased
Resting energy expenditure	decreased	increased
Insulin resistance	no	yes