Figure 2.

The transcriptomic analysis of the samples. (a) Box plot of all gene expressions. (b) The number of DEGs in gall vs. LWG, gall vs. LNG, and LNG vs. LWG. (c) Heat map of DEGs that regulate metabolism of nutrients in gall vs. LWG (log₂ FoldChange(Gall/LWG)) and gall vs. LNG (log₂ FoldChange(Gall/LNG)). Colors from dark blue to yellow reflect smaller to larger differences. A single block represents a single gene in the map. The numbers at the top of the graph represent different functional categories, with 1 representing starch and sucrose metabolism; 2, cysteine and methionine metabolism; 3, other glycan degradation; 4, tyrosine metabolism; 5, citrate cycle (TCA cycle); 6, phenylalanine metabolism; 7, glycolysis; 8, galactose metabolism; 9, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; 10, fructose and mannose metabolism; 11, arginine and proline metabolism; 12, fatty acid degradation; 13, histidine metabolism. The numerical order corresponds to the ordinate from top to bottom in figure d. (d) DEGs involved in nutrient metabolism. The DEGs were identified in pairs of gall vs. LWG and gall vs. LNG. Up-regulated pathways are marked by red rectangles and down-regulated pathways are marked by dark blue rectangles. (e) DEGs involved in photosynthesis based on gall vs. LWG and gall vs. LNG comparisons. All subpathways for photosynthesis were down-regulated in gall tissues. (f) Heat map of DEGs related to photosynthesis based on LNG vs. LWG (log₂ FoldChange(LNG/LWG)) comparison. The numbers at the top of the graph represent different subcategories, with 1, carotenoid biosynthesis; 2, chlorophyll metabolism; 3, chloroplast organization; 4, photosystem II; 5, photosystem I; 6, light harvesting; 7, electron transport chain; 8, rubisco components; and 9, photorespiration. Pink represents that no gene was found in this subpathway.