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. 2021 May 13;10(10):2101. doi: 10.3390/jcm10102101

Table 3.

Characteristics of the women according to menstrual pattern assessed at the end of the follow-up.

Characteristic Regular Menses de novo (n = 17) Sustained OM (n = 13) p-Value
Age at follow-up (years) 37.60 (35.0–42.2) 34.4 (29.7–34.9) 0.07
BMI at follow-up (kg/m2) 24.8 (21.07–31.69) 32.47 (23.98–39.13) 0.04
BMI at baseline (kg/m2) 22.85 (21.45–27.82) 29.14 (25.46–36.77) 0.07
Waist circumference at follow-up (cm) 84 (75–97) 105 (90–126) 0.01
Waist circumference at baseline (cm) 77 (71–80) 93 (79–110) 0.02
Fat mass at follow-up (%) 31.3 (22.7–37.5) 45 (32.7–50) 0.008
Fat mass at baseline (%) 32 (27.5–38.5) 42 (29.6–48.1) NS
Glucose 0′ at follow-up (mg/dL) 90 (89–102) 101 (94.00–103.00) NS
Glucose 0′ at baseline (mg/dL) 83 (78–89) 86.1 (81–88) NS
Mean glucose at follow-up (mg/dL) 102.25 (97.25–123.75) 138.5 (123–152) 0.004
Mean glucose at baseline (mg/dL) 100.5 (91.25–113) 118 (102.25–125.75) NS
Insulin 0′ at follow-up (uIU/mL) 7.73 (6.15–11.54) 16.75 (9.44–19.57) 0.008
Insulin 0′ at baseline (uIU/mL) 10.53 (7.4–14.54) 18.5 (11.7–25.8) 0.05
Mean insulin at follow-up (uIU/mL) 45.61 (35.55–52.66) 78.09 (58.64–105.37) 0.02
Mean insulin at baseline (uIU/mL) 54.5 (37.55–83.25) 102.15 (66.63–116.93) 0.02
M-clamp value at baseline (mg/kgffm/min) 9.84 (8.4–11.99) 5.83 (4.17–7.92) 0.006
Matsuda index at follow-up 5.27 (3.06–6.56) 1.99 (1.57–3.41) 0.008
Matsuda index at baseline 4.23 (2.71–6.42) 1.83 (1.59–3.4) 0.02
Prediabetes at follow-up n (%) 5 (29.41%) 9 (69.23%) 0.03
Triglycerides at follow-up (mg/dL) 63 (50–97) 113 (74–210) 0.01
Triglycerides at baseline (mg/dL) 74 (51–92) 109.2 (76–172) NS
LDL-c at follow-up (mg/dL) 111.4 (100.4–117.6) 104 (101–110) NS
LDL-c at baseline (mg/dL) 92.8 (78.2–139.8) 99 (88.4–127.4) NS
HDL-c at follow-up (mg/dL) 68.0 (56.0–71.0) 50 (42–100) NS
HDL-c at baseline (mg/dL) 58.2 (53.0–69.0) 56 (43–66) NS
HsCRP at follow-up (mg/L) 0.38 (0.26–1.06) 3.49 (1.09–6.16) 0.003
HsCRP at baseline (mg/L) 0.94 (0.14–1.61) 2.13 (1.47–4.76) 0.01
E-selectin at follow-up (ng/mL) 10.6 (9.3–12.49) 16.42 (13.22–30.67) 0.009
E-selectin at baseline (ng/mL) 27.2 (16.72–36.15) 39.23 (26.59–55.94) 0.04
Systolic blood pressure at follow-up (mmHg) 122 (109–125) 130 (122–135) 0.01
Systolic blood pressure at baseline (mmHg) 120 (110–125) 120 (110–130) NS
Metabolic syndrome according to IDF at follow-up n (%) 3 (17.65%) 8 (61.54%) 0.01
Metabolic syndrome according to IDF at baseline n (%) 1 (5.88%) 5 (38.46%) 0.03
FSH at follow-up (mIU/mL) 6.65 (5.5–7.99) 5.08 (4.55–5.26) 0.02
FSH at baseline (mIU/mL) 6.9 (5.6–7.6) 4.9 (3.64–5.9) 0.04
LH/FSH at follow-up 0.65 (0.49–0.87) 1.27 (0.81–1.88) 0.004
LH/FSH at baseline 1.14 (0.79–1.44) 1.96 (1.29–2.26) 0.01
TT at follow-up (ng/mL) 0.39 (0.32–0.48) 0.58 (0.5–0.74) 0.01
TT at baseline (ng/mL) 0.57 (0.45–0.71) 0.77 (0.61–1.06) NS
SHBG at follow-up (nmol/L) 51.79 (37.66–66.32) 29.34 (23.36–105.09) NS
SHBG at baseline (nmol/L) 45.13 (34.35–60.90) 27.20 (20.45–54.42) NS
AMH at follow-up (ng/mL) 2.51 (1.49–3.45) 8.14 (7.44–12.13) 0.0009
AMH at baseline (ng/mL) 7.24 (5.46–9.45) 11.28 (9.91–13.88) 0.04
Attempts of pregnancy a (months) 2 (1–12) (n = 11) 42 (18–66) (n = 8) 0.02

OM, oligomenorrhea; SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; TT, total testosterone. Data are expressed as median (25–75% quartiles) or numbers (%). p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. a The period between the beginning of trying for a baby and confirmation of a pregnancy, assessed only in the women who gave birth. Abbreviations: AMH, anti-Müllerian hormone; BMI, body mass index; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-%β, homeostasis model assessment β-cell function; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LH, luteinizing hormone; M-clamp value, insulin sensitivity estimated with the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique; NS, statistically nonsignificant.