5-HTOL	5-hydroxytryptophol
α-SMA	α smooth muscle actin
ACC	adiponectin and acetyl-CoA carboxylase
ACLF	acute-on-chronic liver failure
ADH	alcohol dehydrogenase
AFL	alcoholic fatty liver
AFRI	acoustic radiation force impulse
AH	alcoholic hepatitis
ALD	alcohol-related liver disease
ALDH	aldehyde dehydrogenase
ALT	alanine aminotransferase
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
APRI	aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index
ASK-1	apoptosis signal regulating kinase-1
AST	aspartate aminotransferase
AUD	alcohol use disorder
AWS	alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Btg2	b-cell translocation gene 2
CAP	controlled attenuation parameter
CCl4	carbon tetrachloride
CCL20	C-C motif chemokine ligand 20
CDT	carbohydrate deficient transferrin
C/EBPβ	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β
CK-18	cytokeratin-18
CK-19	cytokeratin-19
CXCL1	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1
CYP2E1	cytochrome P450 2E1
DAMPs	damage-associated molecular patterns
DR5	death receptor 5
DUSP	dual specificity phosphatase
EASL	European association for the study of the liver
Egr-1	early growth response protein 1
ELF	enhanced liver fibrosis
ET-1	endothelin-1
EtG	ethyl glucuronide
EtS	ethyl sulfate
FAEEs	fatty acid ethyl esters
FASLG	fas ligand
FIB-4	fibrosis-4
FMT	fecal microbiota transplantation
FXR	farnesoid X receptor
GABA-B	gamma-aminobutyric acid-B
G-CSF	granulocyte-colony stimulating factor
GSR	glutathione reductase
GWAS	genome-wide association studies
HA	hyaluronic acid
HCC	hepatocellular carcinoma
HIF-1α	hypoxia inducible factor 1α
HIV	human immunodeficiency virus
HSCs	hepatic stellate cells
HSD17B13	hydroxysteroid 17-β dehydrogenase 13
IL	interleukin
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
LT	liver transplantation
MBOAT7	membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing protein 7
MeCP2	methyl-CPG binding protein 2
MEOS	microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system
miRNA	microRNA
MMP	matrix metalloproteinases
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
NAC	N-acetylcysteine
nAChR	nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
NAD	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NAFLD	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
NASH	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NMDA	N-methyl-d-aspartate
Nrf-2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
PICP	type I procollagen carboxypropeptide
PINP	type I procollagen aminopropeptide
PIIINP	type III procollagen aminopropeptide
PEth	phosphatidylethanol
PDGF	platelet-derived growth factor
Phox	phagocytic oxidase
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PIGF	placenta growth factor
PNPLA3	patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing-3
POR	cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase
PPARα	peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α
PTX	pentoxifylline
RCT	randomized controlled trial
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SAM	s-adenosylmethionine
SIRT1	sirtuin 1
STAT3	signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
SSRI	selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
SWE	shear-wave elastography
TE	transient elastography
TfR1	transferrin receptor 1
TGF-β	transforming growth factor β
TGFβRII	type II transforming growth factor-β receptor
TIMPs	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
TLRs	toll-like receptors
TM6SF2	transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor α
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
WHO	world health organization
Yy1	yin yang 1
ZEB2	zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2
ZO-1	zonula occludens 1