. 2021 May 13;11(5):1389. doi: 10.3390/ani11051389

Table 5.

Effects of dietary supplemental manganese on tibial characteristics of yellow-feathered broilers.

Days of Age	Variable	Manganese Supplemental Level, mg/kg								SEM	p Value ¹
Days of Age	Variable	0	20	40	60	80	100	120	140	SEM	Mn	Linear	Quadratic
21	Weight, g	5.21	5.42	5.23	5.24	5.16	5.18	5.37	5.33	0.05	0.301
	Length, mm	72.74	72.89	71.58	71.88	71.26	72.48	72.97	73.08	1.41	0.331
	Diameter, mm	4.40	4.43	4.40	4.35	4.31	4.31	4.48	4.40	0.01	0.052
	Breaking strength, kgf	12.31	11.56	11.55	12.51	11.85	10.22	11.56	11.10	1.04	0.121
	Bone density, g/cm²	0.112 ^ab	0.111 ^ab	0.113 ^ab	0.119 ^a	0.116 ^a	0.110 ^ab	0.111 ^ab	0.105 ^b	0.01	0.018	0.022	0.004
42	Weight, g	12.72	12.68	12.67	12.80	12.63	12.47	12.28	12.60	0.45	0.180
	Length, mm	103.02	103.76	103.02	103.29	102.76	103.61	103.77	102.74	1.73	0.848
	Diameter, mm	6.21 ^c	6.27 ^bc	6.25 ^bc	6.81 ^a	6.45 ^b	6.29 ^bc	6.43 ^b	6.44 ^b	0.15	<0.001	0.236	0.157
	Breaking strength, kgf	20.41	20.19	22.89	19.98	19.71	21.01	20.28	18.89	2.64	0.103
	Bone density, g/cm²	0.132 ^b	0.140 ^a	0.141 ^a	0.134 ^ab	0.137 ^ab	0.141 ^a	0.135 ^ab	0.128 ^b	0.01	0.044	0.209	0.028
63	Weight, g	25.90 ^b	24.95 ^b	25.00 ^b	25.77 ^b	25.71 ^b	28.08 ^a	25.30 ^b	26.02 ^b	1.56	0.001	0.101	0.238
	Length, mm	135.80	135.63	136.84	137.41	135.54	137.52	136.55	135.58	2.13	0.229
	Diameter, mm	9.95 ^b	9.48 ^b	9.50 ^b	9.89 ^b	9.86 ^b	11.04 ^a	9.66 ^b	10.01 ^b	0.25	0.001	0.101	0.238
	Breaking strength, kgf	31.85 ^c	30.41 ^c	28.86 ^c	28.50 ^c	35.23 ^b	44.14 ^a	28.46 ^c	31.10 ^c	6.96	<0.001	0.394	0.441
	Bone density, g/cm²	0.143 ^b	0.159 ^ab	0.163 ^ab	0.160 ^ab	0.169 ^a	0.165 ^a	0.146 ^b	0.152 ^b	0.01	<0.001	0.742	0.046

^a–c Within a row, means with different lowercase superscripts differ significantly (p < 0.05) ¹ Linear and quadratic effects were tested only when manganese levels were significant.