Table 4 –

Effect of Adjusted Program Participation on Hardship

Dependent Variable	Number of Hardships		Had Food Insufficiency		Unmet Medical or Dental Need
	OLS	2SLS	OLS	2SLS	OLS	2SLS
HH Receives TANF, SNAP or Public Health Insurance (Adjusted)	0.568*** [0.030]	−0.884*** [0.322]	0.036*** [0.002]	−0.134** [0.053]	0.092*** [0.007]	−0.024 [0.081]
# Observations	43,650		44,225		44,083
Weak Instrument Tests (F-Stats)
Olea and Pflueger effective F-test		34.65		35.79		35.66
τ =10%		9.18		11.64		8.32
Implied Elasticity		−0.44		−1.43		Not sig.

Sources: Weighted Survey of Income and Program Participation, state policy, and economic data for 1992, 1995, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2010, and 2011.

Notes: To address undereporting of program receipt in the SIPP, participation on TANF, SNAP or Public Health Insurance are adjusted using the modified SMC method described in section 6. The sample is restricted to households with income below 400 percent of the federal poverty threshold at the month of interview. Robust standard errors clustered by state in brackets. Models also included controls for demographic characteristics of the household, state economic considition state and year fixed effects (see Section 4 for the complete list of controls). Instrumental variables in two-stage least squares models are simulated share of children eligible for public health insurance and SNAP outreach spending per person with income below 150 percent of the federal poverty line.

^*p < 0.1,

^**p < 0.05,

^***p < 0.01.