Table 5 –

Effect of Individual Programs on Number of Hardships

Dependent Variable	Number of Hardships
HH Receives TANF	−1.944*** [0.739]
HH Receives SNAP		−2.059** [0.985]
HH Receives Public Health Insurance			−1.106** [0.454]
# of Programs HH Participates (0–3)				−0.535** [0.217]
# Observations	43,650	43,650	43,650	43,650
Weak Instrument Tests
Olea and Pflueger effective F-test	30.41	9.58	32.55	31.29
τ =10%	16.66	13.63	7.47	11.75

Sources: Weighted Survey of Income and Program Participation, state policy, and economic data for 1992, 1995, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2010, and 2011.

Notes: The sample is restricted to households with income below 400 percent of the federal poverty threshold at the month of interview. Robust standard errors clustered by state in brackets. Models also included controls for demographic characteristics of the household, state economic considition state and year fixed effects (see Section 4 for the complete list of controls). Instrumental variables in two-stage least squares models are simulated share of children eligible for public health insurance and SNAP outreach spending per person with income below 150 percent of the federal poverty line.

^*p < 0.1,

^**p < 0.05,

^***p < 0.01.