Table 1.
Overview of the demographic characteristic of the included studies.
| Author | Country | Study design | Sample size/population | Age group | Sex |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dreher, 2020 | University hospital in Aachen, Germany) | Cross-sectional | 50 COVID-19 Patients | 58–76 (median 65) | Female: 17 (34%) |
| Male: 33 (66%) | |||||
| Chen, 2020 | Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology | Retrospective observational study | 21 confirmed COVID-19 cases | 50−65 | Female: 4 (19%) |
| Male: 17 (81%) | |||||
| Hou, 2020 | Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China. | N/A | 389 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 | 61.3 ± 13.8 | Female: 189 (48.6%) |
| Male: 200 (51.4%) | |||||
| Huang, 2020 | Wuhan, China | Cross-sectional | 41 COVID-19 pts; 13 ICU vs. 28 non-ICU | 41−58 | Male: 30 (73%) |
| Female: 11 (27%) | |||||
| Liu, 2020 | Wuhan Union Hospital, China. | Retrospective observational study | All: 40 | 48.7 ± 13.9 | Male: 15 (37.5%) |
| Mild: 27 | Female: 25 (62.5%) | ||||
| Severe: 13 | |||||
| Wan, 2020 | Chongqing University, Three Gorges Hospital, China | Cross-sectional | All: 123 | 15−82 | Male: 15 (37.5%) |
| Mild: 102 | Female: 25 (62.5%) | ||||
| Severe: 21 | |||||
| Zheng, 2020 | tertiary teaching hospital in Hangzhou (Zhejiang Province, China) | Retrospective study | Total: 34 patients. | 51–83 (median 66) | Male: 23 (67.6%) |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV): 15. | Female: 11 (32.4%) | ||||
| Noninvasive ventilation (NIV): 19 |