Figure 25.

Microarray strategies using chemical nanopatterning. (A) Schematic representing the key steps involved in the generation of binary nanostructured hydrogels consisting of PEG substrates decorated with AuNPs and TiO₂NPs. Reprinted with permission from ref (536). Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society. (B) Microarray fabrication workflow steps: (i) parallel nanoimprint lithograph of a silicon wafer is performed using a stamp containing 16 replicates of 8 different line patterns, (ii) followed by surface treatment with plasma etching (PE) and physical vapor deposition (PVD) of Ti and Au, which leads to (iii) fabrication of multiple Si/Au nanoscale patterns within every 9 mm² areas; (iv) microwell generation around each patterned area via SU-8 photolithography, (v) chemical activation and modification of the SU-8 surfaces, and (vi) finally dispensing of a streptavidin solution on all patterned areas, followed by protein solutions (ratios of LN and VN) locally printed in duplicates for each pattern size, creating 64 combinations of nanopatterned ECM protein patterns. Representations not to scale. Reprinted with permission from ref (537). Copyright 2016 Wiley-VCH.