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Schematic overview of different experimental designs for two factors x1 and x2, including a table of the experimental runs to be performed. (a) OAT design, (b) two-level full factorial design, (c) three-level full factorial design, (d) three-level fractional factorial design. Note that for the OAT-design it is assumed that the intermediate level (0) is the standard level. −1 refers to the low level and +1 refers to the high level of a particular factor.
