Table 1.
Characteristics of respondents and paired certified-PCMH versus non-PCMH providers.
| Characteristics | PCMHEstimates % (95% CI)∗ | Non-PCMHEstimates % (95% CI)∗ | P |
| Sample, n | 2540 | 3208 | |
| Weighted, n | 24,809,532 | 31,405,634 | |
| Age, y | .56 | ||
| 18–49 | 37.7 (34.0–41.3) | 37.3 (34.0–40.6) | |
| 50–64 | 32.1 (28.6–35.6) | 30.3 (27.2–33.3) | |
| 65 + | 30.2 (26.4–34.0) | 32.4 (29.3–35.6) | |
| Sex | .02 | ||
| Female | 40.0 (37.3–42.6) | 44.3 (42.2–46.5) | |
| Race/ethnicity | .91 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 71.9 (68.3–75.5) | 70.4 (67.2–73.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 8.9 (7.0–10.7) | 9.3 (7.5–11.2) | |
| Hispanic | 11.8 (8.9–14.7) | 12.3 (10.2–14.4) | |
| Other | 7.4 (5.5–9.3) | 8.0 (6.3–9.6) | |
| Family income level | .90 | ||
| Low income (<200% FPL) | 27.5 (24.0–31.1) | 26.6 (23.1–30.1) | |
| Middle income (200%–400% FPL) | 26.4 (23.6–29.2) | 27.1 (24.2–29.9) | |
| High income (>400% FPL) | 46.1 (41.8–50.3) | 46.3 (42.5–50.2) | |
| Education | .92 | ||
| Less than high school | 4.7 (3.5–6.0) | 4.9 (4.0–5.8) | |
| High school diploma or GED | 37.1 (33.8–40.5) | 36.7 (33.6–39.8) | |
| Some college education | 20.5 (17.8–23.3) | 19.5 (17.0–21.9) | |
| College and above | 37.6 (34.1–41.1) | 38.9 (35.5–42.4) | |
| Marital status | .88 | ||
| Married | 56.6 (52.8–60.5) | 56.2 (53.0–59.5) | |
| Employment | .51 | ||
| Employed | 57.8 (54.1–61.5) | 56.3 (53.3–59.4) | |
| Insurance status | .12 | ||
| Any private | 69.7 (66.5–72.8) | 70.6 (67.6–73.7) | |
| Any public | 25.8 (22.8–28.7) | 26.2 (23.2–29.2) | |
| Not insured | 4.6 (3.5–5.7) | 3.1 (2.3–4.0) | |
| Current smoking | .57 | ||
| Yes | 13.8 (12.0–15.5) | 13.1 (11.4–14.8) | |
| Obese (BMI ≥30) | .03 | ||
| Yes | 33.2 (30.2–36.3) | 37.5 (34.7–40.3) | |
| Self-reported health status | .92 | ||
| Fair/poor | 18.2 (15.5–20.8) | 18.0 (15.9–20.0) | |
| No. of Comorbidity | .21 | ||
| 0 | 32.9 (29.8–36.0) | 32.7 (29.7–35.7) | |
| 1 | 28.4 (25.6–31.3) | 25.2 (23.1–27.3) | |
| 2 | 20.4 (18.0–22.7) | 23.2 (20.8–25.5) | |
| 3 + | 18.3 (15.4–21.1) | 18.9 (16.8–21.1) | |
| Type of practice | <.001 | ||
| Independent practice | 47.5 (43.3–51.6) | 64.9 (60.5–69.3) | |
| Physician network | 23.4 (19.5–27.3) | 18.1 (13.8–22.4) | |
| Nonprofit and government clinics | 17.6 (14.3–20.9) | 7.8 (6.0–9.6) | |
| Others | 11.6 (8.4–14.7) | 9.2 (7.1–11.4) | |
| No. of primary physicians | <.001 | ||
| ≤1 | 19.2 (15.9–22.4) | 40.7 (35.8–45.7) | |
| 2–5 | 41.8 (37.1–46.5) | 36.7 (32.3–41.2) | |
| 6–10 | 16.5 (13.3–19.7) | 11.2 (7.6–14.8) | |
| ≥11 | 22.5 (18.7–26.3) | 11.4 (8.2–14.5) | |
| No. of nurse practitioners/physician assistants | <.001 | ||
| 0 | 22.1 (18.8–25.4) | 30.0 (25.9–34.1) | |
| 1 | 19.1 (15.1–23.1) | 25.5 (21.2–29.8) | |
| 2–3 | 27.4 (24.0–30.7) | 22.0 (18.8–25.2) | |
| ≥4 | 31.5 (27.0–35.9) | 22.5 (18.0–27.0) | |
| Having capitated contracts | <.001 | ||
| Yes | 56.8 (52.1–61.5) | 36.3 (32.7–39.9) | |
| Percentage of Medicaid patients | <.001 | ||
| <10% | 32.8 (28.4–37.2) | 48.6 (44.2–52.9) | |
| 10%–50% | 48.6 (44.0–53.3) | 38.1 (33.3–43.0) | |
| >50% | 18.6 (15.8–21.4) | 13.3 (10.3–16.2) |