Table 3:
Associations of participant characteristics with current use and interest in future use of mHealth technologies, and adequate eHealth Literacy. Prevalence ratios (PR), and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) reported.
| Characteristic | Internet/Email Use1 | Smartphone Use1 | mHealth app Use2 | Interest in mHealth Technology Use1 | Adequate eHealth Literacy2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (per 10 years) | 0.87 (0.84–0.91) | 0.84 (0.80–0.88) | 0.71 (0.63–0.80) | 0.92 (0.88–0.95) | 0.74 (0.63–0.85) |
| Race/Ethnicity Groups | |||||
| Non-Hispanic White | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.88 (0.81–0.95) | 1.08 (0.98–1.19) | 0.89 (0.71–1.10) | 1.17 (1.08–1.27) | 1.01 (0.75–1.36) |
| Hispanic | 0.87 (0.71–1.07) | 1.16 (0.97–1.38) | 1.02 (0.64–1.63) | 1.20 (1.03–1.41) | 1.27 (0.76–2.12) |
| Other | 0.90 (0.72–1.11) | 1.00 (0.77–1.31) | 1.09 (0.59–2.02) | 1.01 (0.81–1.26) | 1.04 (0.44–2.46) |
| Education level | |||||
| <High school | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| ≥High school | 1.56 (1.20–2.04) | 1.27 (1.04–1.56) | 2.62 (1.32–5.17) | 1.05 (0.93–1.19) | 1.90 (1.01–3.61) |
| Annual Income | |||||
| <$20,000 | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| ≥$20,000 | 1.32 (1.16–1.49) | 1.13 (1.00–1.28) | 1.46 (1.07–2.00) | 1.06 (0.97–1.16) | 1.90 (1.28–2.83) |
| No answer | 1.22 (1.05–1.41) | 1.20 (1.03–1.38) | 1.31 (0.90–1.90) | 1.05 (0.93–1.18) | 1.78 (1.12–2.84) |
| Health Literacy | |||||
| Inadequate Health Literacy | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| Adequate Health Literacy | 1.61 (1.21–2.13) | 1.25 (1.00–1.57) | 1.92 (0.98–3.77) | 1.05 (0.93–1.20) | 2.07 (0.95–4.52) |
| Cognition score (per SD) | 1.09 (1.01–1.17) | 1.05 (0.98–1.13) | 1.04 (0.87–1.25) | 1.00 (0.95–1.05) | 1.10 (0.87–1.38) |
| eGFR (per ml/min/1.732) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) |
| Comorbidity score | |||||
| <4 | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| 4–6 | 1.05 (0.97–1.13) | 1.00 (0.91–1.10) | 1.15 (0.90–1.48) | 1.08 (0.99–1.18) | 1.32(0.95–1.82) |
| >6 | 1.01 (0.90–1.14) | 0.96 (0.84–1.10) | 0.98 (0.69–1.39) | 1.09 (0.98–1.22) | 1.01 (0.64–1.61) |
| Depression symptom score (per SD) | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 1.01 (0.98–1.05) | 1.09 (1.00–1.19) | 1.03 (0.93–1.20) | 1.01 (0.89–1.14) |
| Only assessed in Phase III cohort: | |||||
| Disease self-efficacy*(per SD) | 1.05 (0.9–1.13) | 1.03 (0.96–1.11) | 1.11 (0.93–1.32) | 1.01 (0.96–1.06) | 1.26 (1.01–1.58) |
| Social support^ (per SD) | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) | 1.10 (0.99–1.22) | 1.11 (0.90–1.37) | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) | 1.04 (0.77–1.39) |
Total study sample without missing variables (N=827)
e-Literacy Survey sub-sample without missing variables (N=567)
Models adjusted for age, sex, race, income, education, clinical recruitment site, health literacy, cognition, depression, baseline eGFR, baseline comorbidity score
Model above + self-efficacy: assessed only in Phase III participants (N=403 for all models except eHealth literacy; N=291 for eHealth Literacy)
Model above + social support: assessed only in Phase III participants ≥65 years of age (N=207 for all models except eHealth Literacy; N=146 for eHealth Literacy)