Table 1.
Characteristics of patients
| Non-diabetes mellitus | Diabetes mellitus | p value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 197) | (%) | (n = 106) | (%) | ||
| Age (years) | 68.9 ± 14.8 | 67.1 ± 11.6 | 0.85 | ||
| Sex (m:f) | 124:73 | 70:36 | 0.59 | ||
| Obesity | 61 | (31.0) | 46 | (43.4) | 0.031 |
| Waist circumference | |||||
| Male ≥ 85 cm | 72 | (58.1) | 49 | (70.0) | 0.10 |
| Female ≥ 90 cm | 22 | (30.1) | 16 | (44.4) | 0.14 |
| Smoking | |||||
| Previous | 59 | (29.9) | 35 | (33.0) | 0.58 |
| Current | 22 | (11.2) | 13 | (12.3) | 0.78 |
| Complicated disease | |||||
| Hypertension | 126 | (64.0) | 82 | (77.4) | 0.017 |
| Dyslipidemia | 113 | (57.4) | 64 | (60.4) | 0.61 |
| Hyperuricemia | 86 | (43.7) | 23 | (21.7) | 0.00015 |
| Dipstick proteinuria | |||||
| (−) | 143 | (72.6) | 81 | (76.4) | 0.47 |
| (±) | 30 | (15.2) | 13 | (12.3) | 0.48 |
| 1( +) | 21 | (10.7) | 11 | (10.4) | 0.94 |
| 2( +) | 3 | (1.5) | 1 | (0.9) | 0.67 |
| Gfr category | |||||
| G1 | 5 | (2.5) | 12 | (11.3) | 0.0015 |
| G2 | 47 | (23.9) | 45 | (42.5) | 0.00079 |
| G3a | 73 | (37.1) | 26 | (24.5) | 0.026 |
| G3b | 44 | (22.3) | 16 | (15.1) | 0.13 |
| G4 | 28 | (14.2) | 7 | (6.6) | 0.048 |
| Albuminuria category | |||||
| Normoalbuminuria | 93 | (47.2) | 51 | (48.1) | 0.88 |
| Microalbuminuria | 98 | (49.7) | 55 | (51.9) | 0.72 |
| Macroalbuminuria | 6 | (3.0) | 0 | 0.07 | |
| Time between mesurements (days) | |||||
| 1–2 | 84.4 ± 60.8 | 75.1 ± 56.5 | 0.97 | ||
| 2–3 | 75.0 ± 61.8 | 66.2 ± 45.8 | 0.79 | ||
Microalbuminuria: urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio 30–299 mg/gCr at least twice for 3 measurements. Data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation
CKD chronic kidney disease; GFR glomerular filtration rate