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. 2021 May 25;11(5):e047680. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047680

Table 4.

Comparisons† of FROM-16 scores for gender and for whether diagnosed with COVID-19 (n=735)

FROM-16 items Gender
Mean score
P value Diagnosed with COVID-19
Mean score
P value
Male (n=489) Female (n=246) Yes (n=355) No (n=380)
Overall 14.81 15.36 0.401 15.74 14.32 0.017*
Worried 1.40 1.48 0.068 1.46 1.39 0.135
Angry 0.73 0.79 0.332 0.77 0.74 0.519
Sad 1.00 1.16 0.004** 1.09 1.03 0.225
Frustrated 1.23 1.26 0.569 1.30 1.18 0.054
Talking about thoughts 0.83 0.87 0.651 0.89 0.80 0.132
Difficulty caring 0.79 0.85 0.324 0.81 0.80 0.847
Time for self 0.70 0.83 0.036* 0.78 0.71 0.164
Everyday travel 0.58 0.72 0.048* 0.64 0.62 0.874
Eating habits 0.64 0.67 0.565 0.72 0.59 0.015*
Family activities 1.28 1.21 0.144 1.32 1.20 0.041*
Holiday 1.10 1.10 0.992 1.17 1.03 0.030*
Sex life 1.22 0.84 0.000** 1.17 1.03 0.035*
Work or study 0.83 0.87 0.485 0.92 0.77 0.013*
Family relationships 0.69 0.79 0.109 0.75 0.70 0.281
Family expenses 0.81 0.87 0.367 0.84 0.83 0.759
Sleep 0.98 1.07 0.138 1.12 0.90 0.000**

*p ≤0.05, **p ≤ 0.01. (P values were calculated using meanrank scores but mean scores are presented here for ease of understanding).

†Mann-Whitney U test.

FROM-16, Family Reported Outcome Measure.