Table 1.

Study design of included studies.

Study Authors	Study Design	Country	Follow-up Duration	Participants	Interventions	Selection Criteria	Controls	Main Outcomes
Daneman et al	Population-based longitudinal cohort study	Ontario	Patient-days on treatment: 22,380,515	Inception cohort of > 65y from Ontario Registered Persons Database 1997–2012	Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, moxifloxacin in outpatient setting	AA and AD using administrative codes	Positive and negative tracer exposure	Tendon rupture, retinal detachment, AA and AD within a 30 day risk window after treatment
Dong et al	Population-based nested case control	Taiwan	Mean Follow-up Duration: 1303.82 [723.12] days	Adult patients from the Taiwan population-based health insurance claims database from 2009–2015	Fluoroquinolones	Cases of first AA and AD requiring hospitalization using the ICD-9-CM code 441 in any diagnosis position for the cases	Each incident case of AA/AD was matched with 10 control individuals by age, sex, and follow-up duration in the database using risk-set sampling	Tendon rupture, retinal detachment, AA and AD within a 60 day at risk window after treatment
Gopalakrishnan et al	Propensity-matched population-based cohort study	United States	60 days	Adult patients from United States commercial health insurance claims database from 2003–2015	Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin	139,772 treatment episodes of fluoroquinolone use	139,722 propensity score-matched comparator episodes azithromycin use	AA and AD within a 60 day at risk window after treatment
Lee et al	Propensity-matched population-based nested case control	Taiwan	Mean Follow-up Duration: 3613.3	Adults from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database 1998–2011	Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, exoxacin, pefloxacin	1477 cases of first AA or AD requiring hospitalization plus imaging with echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or angiography	147,700 matched control cases	AA and AD within a 60 day at risk window after treatment
Lee et al	Case-crossover study	Taiwan	60 days	Adults from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database 2001–2011	Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, exoxacin, pefloxacin	1213 cases of first AA or AD requiring hospitalization plus imaging with echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, or angiography	Participants acted as their own control	AA and AD within a 60 day at risk window after treatment
Maumus-Robert et al	Case-time control-study	France	180 days	Adult patients from the French health insurance nationwide databases from 2010–2015	Fluoroquinolones	Incident aortoiliac aneurysm or dissection who were diagnosed between 2010–2015 on fluoroquinolones	Those on amoxicillin	AA and AD within a 180 day at risk window after treatment
Pasternak et al	Propensity-matched population-based cohort study	Sweden	Patients contributed person time from the date a prescription was filled, to the date of an outcome event, end of follow-up (120 days), end of study period, hospital admission, death, or new prescription for a study antibiotic	Inception cohort of > 50y from linked nationwide data from Swedish registers 2006–2013	Ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and other fluoroquinolones	360 088 treatment episodes of fluoroquinolone use	360 088 propensity score-matched comparator episodes of amoxicillin use	AA and AD within a 60 day at risk window after treatment
Meng et al	Pharmacovigilance study	China		Adult patients from the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) 2004–2016	Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin	7153 801 adverse event reports: 2713 for aortic aneurysms and 1008 for aortic dissections	Those on cefuroxime	AA and AD at risk window after treatment (timeframe not specified)
Sommet et al	Pharmacovigilance study	France		Patients > 50y registered on the Vigibase, World Health Organization Global Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) database from 1972 to 2017	Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Ofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Tosufloxacin, Enoxacin, Fleroxacin, Gemifloxacin, Grepafloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Norfloxacin, Pazufloxacin, Pefloxacin, Prulifloxacin, Rufloxacin, Sparfloxacin, Temafloxacin, Trovafloxacin	172,588 were reported with fluoroquinolones	40,658 with amoxicillin	Tendonitis, tendon rupture, AA and AD at risk window after treatment (timeframe not specified)