Table 6.

Perioperative and short-term outcomes of patients with nCRT.

	Before propensity score matching			After propensity score matching
	Open (n = 71)	MIS (n = 42)	p	Open (n = 42)	MIS (n = 42)	p
MIS approach	–			–		–
Laparoscopic surgery	–	29 (69.0)		–	29 (69.0)	–
Robotic surgery	–	13 (31.0)		–	13 (31.0)	–
Operation time (minutes)	184 ± 51	249 ± 83	< 0.001	194 ± 67	249 ± 83	< 0.001
Stoma formation, n (%)	53 (74.6)	40 (95.2)	0.006	32 (76.2)	40 (95.2)	0.013
Transfusion, n (%)	5 (7.0)	1 (2.4)	0.409	5 (11.9)	1 (2.4)	0.202
Open conversion, n (%)	–	1 (2.4)	–	–	1 (2.4)	–
Readmission, n (%)	5 (7.0)	3 (7.1)	1.000	1 (2.4)	3 (7.1)	0.616
Postoperative morbidity	19 (26.8)	8 (19.0)	0.374	9 (21.4)	8 (19.0)	0.786
Surgical site infection	6 (8.5)	1 (2.4)	0.255	2 (4.8)	1 (2.4)	0.557
Postoperative ileus	9 (12.7)	2 (4.8)	0.207	3 (7.1)	2 (4.8)	0.645
Anastomotic site leakage	2 (2.8)	1 (2.4)	1.000	1 (2.4)	1 (2.4)	1.000
Rectovaginal fistula	2 (2.8)	0 (0.0)	0.529	1 (2.4)	0 (0.0)	0.314
Intra-abdominal abscess	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.000	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Urinary retention	2 (2.8)	3 (7.1)	0.359	1 (2.4)	3 (7.1)	0.616
Postoperative mortality (< POD30)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.000	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	1.000
Length of stay (days)	11.4 ± 4.6	9.0 ± 3.2	0.005	11.2 ± 4.5	9.0 ± 3.2	0.012
Time to diet (days)	2.0 ± 0.2	2.1 ± 0.6	0.235	2.4 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.6	0.099
Flatus passage (days)	2.5 ± 2.1	1.6 ± 0.9	0.651	3.0 ± 0.6	1.6 ± 0.9	< 0.001

nCRT neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, MIS minimally invasive surgery.