Table 3.
Comparison of the levels of toxic elements in fish and exposure estimates to some previous studies.
| Area | N | Mean level (mg/kg) | Exposure (μg/kg bw/day) | References | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| As | Bangladesh (Dhaka) | – | 0.4–1.3 | – | Rahman et al. (2012)29 |
| Patuakhali | – | 0.3 | – | Islam et al. (2015)39 | |
| Croatia | 61 | 0.56–23.3 | 0.2–12(iAs) | Juresa et al. (2010)28 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 30 | 0.325–1.244 | 0.6–2.3 | Liu et al. (2020)17 | |
| South Korea | – | 1.23–44.54 | – | Islam et al. (2010)30 | |
| China (Pearl River Delta) | 711 | 0.003–1.53 | – | Leung et al. (2014)9 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 643 | 0.783 (0.315–3.175) | 1.416 | This study | |
| Cd | Oman | 873 | 0.0049–0.036 | – | Al-Busaidi et al. (2011)35 |
| Croatia | 61 | 0.002–0.142 | 0.1–0.2 | Juresa et al. (2010)28 | |
| China (South China Sea) | 255 | 0.006–0.050 | – | Gu et al. (2017)34 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 30 | 0.004–0.007 | 0.008–0.013 | Liu et al. (2020)17 | |
| South Korea | – | LOD-0.13 | – | Islam et al. (2010)30 | |
| China (Pearl River Delta) | 711 | 0.02–0.06 | – | Leung et al. (2014)9 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 652 | 0.009 (0.002–0.040) | 0.016 | This study | |
| Hg | Oman | 873 | 0.015–0.101 | – | Al-Busaidi et al. (2011)35 |
| Croatia | 61 | 0.134–0.373 | 0.2–1 | Juresa et al. (2010)28 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 30 | 0.002–0.008 | 0.005–0.015 | Liu et al. (2020)17 | |
| South Korea | – | 0.01–0.24 | – | Islam et al. (2010)30 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 650 | 0.031 (0.009–0.060) | 0.056 | This study | |
| Pb | Bangladesh (Dhaka) | – | 0.4–2.1 | – | Rahman et al. (2012)35 |
| Patuakhali | – | 0.7 | – | Islam et al. (2015)39 | |
| Oman | 873 | 0.029–0.196 | – | Al-Busaidi et al. (2011)35 | |
| Croatia | 61 | 0.007–0.150 | 0.1–0.4 | Juresa et al. (2010)28 | |
| Italy | 41 | 0.008 | 0.003 | Malavolti et al. (2020)40 | |
| China (South China Sea) | 255 | 0.13–0.68 | – | Gu et al. (2017)34 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 30 | 0.004–0.014 | 0.008–0.038 | Liu et al. (2020)17 | |
| South Korea | – | 0.05–0.74 | – | Islam et al. (2010)30 | |
| China (Pearl River Delta) | 711 | 0.03–8.62 | – | Leung et al. (2014)9 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 633 | 0.043 (0.021–0.082) | 0.078 | This study | |
| Cr | Bangladesh (Dhaka) | – | 0.09–0.4 | – | Rahman et al. (2012)29 |
| Patuakhali | – | 0.7 | – | Islam et al. (2015)39 | |
| China (South China Sea) | 255 | 0.18–0.85 | – | Gu et al. (2017)34 | |
| South Korea | – | 0.09–1.32 | – | Islam et al. (2010)30 | |
| China (Pearl River Delta) | 711 | 0.2–0.65 | – | Leung et al. (2014)9 | |
| China (Zhejiang) | 189 | 0.114 (0.016–0.173) | 0.206 | This study |