Table 2. Nutrient intake from snacks by the healthy snack and the HCLN snack group.
| Classification | Healthy snack group1) (n = 21, 19.3%) | HCLN snack group1) (n = 88, 80.7%) | Total2) (n = 109, 100%) | t-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal) | 370.4 ± 296.1 | 641.7 ± 869.8 | 589.4 ± 798.2 | −1.406 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 49.9 ± 38.2 | 92.1 ± 115.7 | 84.0 ± 106.5 | −1.644 |
| Lipid (g) | 12.5 ± 16.5 | 22.8 ± 32.7 | 20.8 ± 30.5 | −1.403 |
| Protein (g) | 13.7 ± 13.4 | 17.1 ± 33.6 | 16.5 ± 30.8 | −0.452 |
| Vitamin A (μg RAE) | 147.5 ± 145.6 | 139.9 ± 305.3 | 141.3 ± 281.1 | 0.111 |
| Vitamin B1 (mg) | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | 0.257 |
| Vitamin B2 (mg) | 0.3 ± 0.3 | 0.3 ± 0.7 | 0.3 ± 0.6 | −0.175 |
| Niacin (mg) | 2.8 ± 3.2 | 2.9 ± 6.6 | 2.9 ± 6.1 | −0.095 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 17.4 ± 29.7 | 10.8 ± 25.7 | 12.1 ± 26.5 | 1.018 |
| Iron (mg) | 3.3 ± 4.4 | 2.7 ± 5.8 | 2.8 ± 5.5 | 0.444 |
| Folic acid (μg) | 54.5 ± 76.1 | 71.8 ± 179.4 | 68.5 ± 164.4 | −0.433 |
| Calcium (mg) | 171.3 ± 190.5 | 155.3 ± 200.0 | 158.4 ± 197.4 | 0.332 |
Values are presented as mean ± SD.
HCLN, high-calorie·low-nutrition; RAE, retinol activity equivalents.
1)Data collected with a 24-h recall method from those who consumed healthy snack or HCLN snack. A total of 52 food items for healthy snacks and 149 food items for HCLN snacks were analyzed for nutrient intake. 2)Healthy snack group represents adolescent consumed healthy snacks such as dairy products, fruit juices, fruits, sandwiches, salads, etc. While HCLN snack group means adolescent consumed ice cream, chips, cookies, ramen, jelly/chocolate/candy, iced tea, canned coffee etc. Frequency and percent were presented for the groups.