TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics and comparisons on learning burnout and its three dimensions among undergraduates and postgraduates.
| Education background | Variables | n (%) | Learning burnout (Mean ± SD) | Depression (Mean ± SD) | Improper behavior (Mean ± SD) | Low personal accomplishment (Mean ± SD) |
| Undergraduates | 771 (100) | 56.42 ± 10.62a | 22.19 ± 5.18 | 17.61 ± 4.03 | 16.61 ± 3.63 | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 281 (36.4) | 57.65 ± 10.96 | 22.83 ± 5.34 | 18.35 ± 4.31 | 16.47 ± 3.88 | |
| Female | 490 (63.6) | 55.71 ± 10.36 | 21.83 ± 5.06 | 17.19 ± 3.80 | 16.69 ± 3.49 | |
| t | 2.446 | 2.598 | 3.754 | −0.837 | ||
| P | 0.015* | 0.010* | 0.000** | 0.403 | ||
| Residence | ||||||
| Countryside | 274 (35.5) | 57.08 ± 10.80 | 22.28 ± 5.14 | 17.78 ± 4.27 | 17.03 ± 3.69 | |
| City | 497 (64.5) | 56.05 ± 10.51 | 22.15 ± 5.22 | 17.52 ± 3.89 | 16.38 ± 3.59 | |
| t | 1.289 | 0.329 | 0.851 | 2.359 | ||
| P | 0.198 | 0.741 | 0.395 | 0.019* | ||
| Only child | ||||||
| Yes | 332 (43.1) | 55.94 ± 10.53 | 22.20 ± 5.29 | 17.37 ± 4.03 | 16.37 ± 3.69 | |
| No | 439 (56.9) | 56.79 ± 10.68 | 22.19 ± 5.11 | 17.80 ± 4.02 | 16.79 ± 3.59 | |
| t | −1.100 | 0.006 | −1.465 | −1.599 | ||
| P | 0.272 | 0.995 | 0.143 | 0.110 | ||
| Exercise per week | ||||||
| 0 | 227 (29.4) | 59.13 ± 10.63 | 23.24 ± 5.19 | 18.72 ± 3.97 | 17.17 ± 3.84 | |
| 1∼3 | 461 (59.8) | 55.51 ± 10.33 | 21.85 ± 5.02 | 17.21 ± 3.95 | 16.44 ± 3.46 | |
| ≥3 | 83 (10.8) | 54.05 ± 10.88 | 21.23 ± 5.69 | 16.81 ± 4.08 | 16.01 ± 3.84 | |
| F | 11.466 | 7.194 | 12.908 | 4.306 | ||
| P | 0.000** | 0.001** | 0.000** | 0.014* | ||
| Attitude to majors | ||||||
| Dislike | 51 (6.6) | 64.43 ± 10.51 | 25.73 ± 5.37 | 19.57 ± 4.19 | 19.14 ± 4.05 | |
| Medium | 438 (56.8) | 58.78 ± 9.54 | 23.19 ± 4.64 | 18.21 ± 3.75 | 17.37 ± 3.27 | |
| Like | 282 (36.6) | 51.31 ± 10.06 | 20.00 ± 5.13 | 16.34 ± 4.07 | 14.97 ± 3.44 | |
| F | 68.111 | 51.026 | 26.630 | 58.362 | ||
| P | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.000** | ||
| Postgraduates | 704 (100) | 53.92 ± 10.25a | 21.74 ± 5.16 | 16.64 ± 3.69 | 15.54 ± 3.15 | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 195 (27.7) | 52.69 ± 10.92 | 21.22 ± 5.32 | 16.56 ± 4.01 | 14.90 ± 3.23 | |
| Female | 509 (72.3) | 54.39 ± 9.95 | 21.94 ± 5.09 | 16.67 ± 3.56 | 15.78 ± 3.09 | |
| t | −1.980 | −1.664 | −0.347 | −3.319 | ||
| P | 0.048* | 0.097 | 0.729 | 0.001** | ||
| Residence | ||||||
| Countryside | 319 (45.3) | 53.71 ± 9.91 | 21.47 ± 5.04 | 16.71 ± 3.45 | 15.53 ± 3.08 | |
| City | 385 (54.7) | 54.10 ± 10.53 | 21.97 ± 5.26 | 16.59 ± 3.87 | 15.54 ± 3.22 | |
| t | −0.499 | −1.261 | 0.414 | −0.044 | ||
| P | 0.618 | 0.208 | 0.679 | 0.965 | ||
| Only child | ||||||
| Yes | 337 (47.9) | 54.54 ± 10.99 | 22.05 ± 5.38 | 16.84 ± 3.90 | 15.65 ± 3.45 | |
| No | 367 (52.1) | 53.35 ± 9.50 | 21.46 ± 4.95 | 16.46 ± 3.48 | 15.43 ± 2.97 | |
| t | 1.529 | 1.501 | 1.385 | 0.992 | ||
| P | 0.127 | 0.134 | 0.167 | 0.357 | ||
| Exercise per week | ||||||
| 0 | 299 (42.5) | 55.78 ± 9.94 | 22.51 ± 4.99 | 17.25 ± 3.64 | 16.02 ± 3.06 | |
| 1∼3 | 306 (43.5) | 52.68 ± 9.67 | 21.29 ± 5.04 | 16.30 ± 3.50 | 15.09 ± 3.04 | |
| ≥3 | 99 (14.1) | 52.14 ± 11.99 | 20.85 ± 5.76 | 15.86 ± 4.13 | 15.43 ± 3.15 | |
| F | 19.240 | 6.018 | 7.696 | 6.779 | ||
| P | 0.000** | 0.003** | 0.000** | 0.001** | ||
| Attitude to majors | ||||||
| Dislike | 26 (3.7) | 64.46 ± 9.53 | 26.50 ± 5.65 | 19.04 ± 3.30 | 18.92 ± 2.92 | |
| Medium | 363 (51.6) | 57.20 ± 8.90 | 23.24 ± 4.64 | 17.44 ± 3.42 | 16.51 ± 2.86 | |
| Like | 315 (44.7) | 49.28 ± 9.67 | 19.62 ± 4.83 | 15.52 ± 3.69 | 14.13 ± 2.85 | |
| F | 78.914 | 62.125 | 30.919 | 77.547 | ||
| P | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.000** | 0.000** |
aWith the t-test, and there are significant differences between them (t = −4.591, p < 0.001); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.