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. 2021 May 13;12:653985. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.653985

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Copyright © 2021 Di Maro, Cataldi, Santillo, Chiurazzi, Damiano, De Conno, Colantuoni and Guida.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Interaction between the renin angiotensin system and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in SARS-CoV-2 lung infection. The drawing shows how the renin angiotensin system and the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway modulate tissue inflammation in lungs infected with SARS-CoV-2 and how these two systems interact with each other (see the text for further details). Ang I: Angiotensin I; Ang II: angiotensin II; Ang-(1–7): angiotensin 1-7; Ang-(1–9): angiotensin 1-9; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; ACE2: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; AT1R: Angiotensin Receptor 1; AT2: Angiotensin Receptor 2; MASR: Mas receptors.