Figure 1.

Schematic of the different protein:lipid ratios (P:L) biomimetic NP microfluidic synthesis, characterization, and in vitro and in vivo experiments. (1) Leukocytes (J774 cell line) were cultivated in vitro and used to extract (2) membrane proteins for the synthesis of (3) different P:L NPs using a microfluidic approach by increasing the membrane protein concentration in the aqueous phase. For Lipo, no membrane proteins were added, while we added 0.058 mg/mL of protein extract for Leuko1:100, 0.145 mg/mL for Leuko1:40, and 0.29 mg/mL for Leuko 1:20. The physical, chemical, and biological properties of the NP were characterized (4) and then tested in vitro using inflamed endothelial cells (5). Finally, the enhanced targeting was evaluated in vivo using LLI and TNBC models. Figure 1 was created using Biorender.com.