Table 3.
Main biochemical parameters.
| Variables | EM (n = 32) | CM-MOH (n = 34) | TTH (n = 10) | Chi-square; p | F; p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable (abnormal range) | OOR | Mean ± SD | OOR | Mean ± SD | OOR | Mean ± SD | ||
| VitD, ng/ml (<20) | 28.1% | 19.9 ± 11.4 | 64.7% | 20.1 ± 5.9 | 40% | 23.8 ± 17.5 | χ2 = 9.05; p = 0.011 | F = 0.6; p = 0.57 |
| Ca, mg/dl (<8.6–>10.2) | 3.1% | 9.9 ± 0.6 | 5.9% | 9 ± 1.9 | 0% | 9.4 ± 0.2 | χ2 = 0.80; p = 0.7 | F = 0.31; p = 0.74 |
| P, mg/dl (<2.5) | 3.1% | 3.4 ± 0.4 | 0% | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 0% | 3.4 ± 0.3 | χ2 = 1.39; p = 0.5 | F = 0.3; p = 0.74 |
| PTH, pg/ml (<15–>88) | 8% | 33.4 ± 19.6 | 10.7% | 32.5 ± 25.1 | 0% | 37 ± 27.7 | χ2 = 0.64; p = 089 | F = 0.08; p = 0.92 |
| Folate, ng/ml (<8.1) | 21.4% | 15 ± 10.8 | 33.3% | 12.1 ± 5.3 | 26.8% | 17.7 ± 16.2 | χ2 = 2.06; p = 0.7 | F = 1.14; p = 0.33 |
| Vit B12, pg/ml (<133) | 20.7% | 270.1 ± 145.3 | 6.9% | 315.5 ± 141.8 | 0.0% | 385 ± 144.7 | χ2 = 3.84; p = 0.15 | F = 2.17; p = 0.12 |
| Homocysteine, μmol/L (>12) | 25% | 12.8 ± 9.4 | 47.4% | 12.1 ± 3.7 | 71.4% | 14.8 ± 5.8 | χ2 = 5.1; p = 0.08 | F = 0.31; p = 0.73 |
| Fe, μmol/dl (<33) | 15.4% | 97.9 ± 43.3 | 19.2% | 76.2 ± 41.8 | 0.0% | 97.7 ± 22.3 | χ2 = 1.38; p = 0.5 | F = 1.98; p = 0.15 |
EM, episodic migraine; CM-MOH, chronic migraine and medication overuse headache; TTH, tension-type headache; Ca, calcium; Fe, iron; OOR, out of range; P, phosphate; VitB12, Vitamin B12; vitD, Vitamin D; OOR, out of range. The statistically significant values are reported in bold.