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. 2021 May 13;11:679470. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.679470

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Copyright © 2021 Bila, Costa-Orlandi, Vaso, Bonatti, de Assis, Regasini, Fontana, Fusco-Almeida and Mendes-Giannini

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of 2-chalcone (A), terbinafine (B), and fluconazole (C) on early-stage biofilms of T. rubrum ATCC 28189, T. rubrum ATCC MYA-4438, and T. mentagrophytes ATCC 11481 measured using the XTT reduction assay. The compounds 2-chalcone and terbinafine inhibited the metabolic activity of early-stage biofilms from the concentrations of 15.6 and 32 mg/L in all strains tested. Biofilms formed by both the T. rubrum strains conferred resistance to fluconazole at all concentrations tested. Biofilms of the T. mentagrophytes strain were inhibited from the concentration of 64 mg/L (**p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001). Tr, T. rubrum; Tm, T. mentagrophytes.