Table 1. COPs and COFs Used As Heavy Metal Ion Sensors.
| material | metal ion | sensing mechanism | KSV (M–1) | LOD | ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COF-LZU8 | Hg2+ | quenching | n/a | 25 ppb | (29) |
| TNPP | Hg2+ | quenching | 3.78 × 105 | 22.8 ppb | (30) |
| NOP-28 | Hg2+ | PET (quenching) | 3.7 × 104 | 12 ppb | (16) |
| TFPPy-CHYD | Hg2+ | PET (static quenching) | n/a | 17 nM | (31) |
| P1 | Hg2+ | turn-on fluorescence | n/a | 0.37 μM | (28) |
| COP-401-COOH | Fe3+ | PET (quenching) | 8.4 × 104 | n/a | (26) |
| COP-64 | Fe3+ | PET (quenching) | 1.10 × 105 | n/a | (27) |
| COP-9 | Fe3+ | ACQ | 1.7 × 104 | mM range | (34) |
| COP-1 | Fe3+ | PET (static quenching) | n/a | 0.42 μM | (33) |
| TPA-COP | Fe3+ | chelation-induced turn-on fluorescence | n/a | 0.43 μM | (37) |
| COP-100 | Fe3+ | collisional quenching | 2.97 × 104 | 0.245 μM | (42) |
| Bth-Dma COF | Fe3+ | quenching | 2.3 × 104 | 0.17 μM | (38) |
| COF-JLU3 | Cu2+ | PET (quenching) | 3.8 × 104 | 0.31 μM | (40) |
| COPs-DT | Cu2+ | PET (quenching) | n/a | 0.076 μM | (41) |
| Salen-COP | Cu2+ | CHEQ | n/a | 0.545 μM | (43) |
| PI nanonsheets | Cr3+ | Quenching | n/a | n/a | (44) |
| TFPT-BTAN-AO | UO22+ | PET (quenching) | n/a | 6.7 nM | (32) |
| CorMeO–COF | Cr3+ | turn-on fluorescence | n/a | 0.85 μM | (45) |
| Salen-COP | Al3+ | turn-on fluorescence, PET | n/a | 0.248 μM | (43) |
| Salen-COP | Fe3+ | CHEQ | n/a | 0.140 μM | (43) |