TABLE 1.
Recent studies on the prevalence of primary aldosteronism in subjects without convincing indications for screening (modified after (Hundemer et al., 2021)).
| Study population (n) | Diagnostic criteria | Country | Prevalence (%) | Authors (year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normotension (n = 210) | Low renin activity (<1 ng/mL/h) AND positive confirmatory testing (oral salt suppression test) | United States | 13.8 | Baudrand et al. (2017) |
| Stage 1 hypertension (n = 1,133) | ARR >30 ng/dl/ng/ml/h with aldosterone >10 ng/dl AND positive confirmatory testing (saline infusion or captopril challenge test) | Italy | 3.9 | Monticone et al. (2017) |
| Stage 2 hypertension (n = 413) | 9.7 | |||
| Stage 3 hypertension (n = 126) | 11.8 | |||
| Normotension (n = 289) | ARR >30 (ng/dl per ng/[ml−1x h−1] with aldosterone >10 ng/dl AND positive confirmatory testing (saline infusion or captopril challenge test) | United States | 11.3 | Brown et al. (2020) |
| Stage 1 hypertension (n = 115) | 15.7 | |||
| Stage 2 hypertension (n = 203) | 21.6 | |||
| Resistant hypertension (n = 408) | 22.0 | |||
| Newly diagnosed hypertension (n = 1,020) | ARR >20 ng/mIU AND aldosterone >10 ng/ml AND: captopril challenge test AND/OR saline infusion | China | 4.0 | Xu et al. (2020) |
ARR, aldosterone-to-renin ratio.