Table 4.
Relationships of taste thresholds and Non-nutritional factors of elderly participants were investigated using correlation and regression analyses.
| Non-Nutritional Factors | Correlation Analysis (r) | Regression Analysis (β) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sucrose RT |
NaCl RT |
Caffeine RT |
Citric Acid RT |
Umami RT |
Sucrose RT |
NaCl RT |
Caffeine RT |
Citric Acid RT |
Umami RT |
|
| Age a | 0.005 | −0.002 | −0.018 | 0.238 | 0.190 | 0.006 | −0.010 | −0.007 | 0.051 | 0.048 |
| BMI a | −0.097 | 0.084 | 0.323 ** | 0.002 | −0.099 | −0.026 | 0.050 | 0.176 ** | 0.040 | −0.053 |
| Physical activity level b | −0.175 | −0.089 | −0.078 | −0.191 | −0.253 * | −0.499 | −0.287 | −0.138 | −0.486 | −0.788 * |
| Exercise level b | 0.081 | 0.094 | 0.081 | 0.031 | 0.016 | 0.141 | 0.160 | 0.152 | 0.031 | 0.025 |
| Alcohol consumption b | 0.154 | 0.226 | −0.014 | 0.163 | 0.017 | 0.403 | 0.530 | −0.007 | 0.369 | 0.063 |
| Smoking b | −0.076 | −0.060 | −0.108 | −0.095 | −0.171 | −0.307 | −0.139 | −0.300 | −0.167 | −0.506 |
| Living situation | ||||||||||
| Marital status b | −0.107 | −0.117 | −0.112 | 0.055 | −0.211 | −0.258 | −0.228 | −0.231 | 0.204 | −0.471 |
| Cohabitation b | 0.033 | 0.070 | 0.053 | −0.050 | 0.113 | 0.113 | 0.086 | 0.009 | −0.116 | 0.130 |
| Self-rated standard of living b | −0.133 | −0.193 | −0.027 | −0.092 | −0.197 | −0.204 | −0.282 | −0.017 | −0.155 | −0.314 |
| Number of medicine intake b | 0.182 | −0.072 | 0.272 * | 0.087 | −0.079 | 0.283 | −0.144 | 0.498 * | 0.104 | −0.199 |
| Social participation | ||||||||||
| Hobby b | −0.198 | −0.269 * | −0.032 | −0.186 | −0.044 | −0.194 | −0.241 | −0.034 | −0.189 | −0.037 |
| Social gathering b | −0.218 | −0.257 * | −0.452 ** | −0.324 ** | −0.134 | −0.388 * | −0.412 * | −0.688 ** | −0.439 * | −0.198 |
| Voluntary service b | −0.090 | −0.053 | −0.129 | 0.057 | −0.140 | −0.107 | −0.069 | −0.152 | 0.077 | −0.171 |
| Education b | −0.076 | −0.300 * | −0.075 | −0.089 | −0.046 | −0.074 | −0.337 * | −0.076 | −0.098 | −0.055 |
| Religion b | −0.207 | −0.227 | −0.084 | −0.229 | −0.051 | −0.229 | −0.150 | 0.100 | 0.005 | −0.002 |
| QOL score a | −0.415 ** | 0.378 ** | −0.351 ** | −0.354 ** | −0.407 ** | −0.053 ** | −0.057 ** | −0.055 ** | −0.053 ** | −0.058 ** |
QOL: quality of life, correlation coefficient r, regression coefficient (beta, β). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. a Using general linear model (GLM) regression analysis or b ordinal logistic analysis, taste threshold values were added to the dependent variable, and nutrients were added to the independent variables (covariates).