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. 2021 May 12;23(5):e22973. doi: 10.2196/22973

Table 3.

Descriptive frequencies of aggregate user errors and device malfunctions.

Error class and type Value, n (%) Error category


Perception Cognition Action
User error (n=70)




Incorrect tape use 5 (7)


Incorrect test kit use 12 (17)


Incorrect app use 11 (16)


Incorrect test kit insertion into imaging slot 8 (11)


Failure to perform thumb press 15 (21)


Device powering 19 (27)

Device malfunction (n=59)




Unresponsive switches 8 (14)


Poor test kit fit 5 (9)


Poor fitting tape 18 (31)


Loss of device power 27 (46)


App closure 1 (2)